TABLE 4
FROM:
Trends in hypertension epidemiology in India
R Gupta
BACK TO ARTICLETable 4. Hypertension risk factors
| Single gene mutations |
| Angiotensinogen gene |
| Glucorticoid receptor |
| Lipoprotein lipase |
| Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism (GRA) |
| Apparent mineralocorticoid excess |
| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
| Polycystic kidney disease |
| Liddle's syndrome |
| Gitelman's syndrome |
| Genetic factors (possible polygenic influences) |
| Angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| Renin binding protein |
Sympathetic 
2 and 
2 receptors |
| Low transforming growth factor
1
|
| -adducin protein |
| Atrial natriuretic factor |
| Insulin receptor |
| Intermediary phenotypes (multiple genes) |
| Sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure reactivity |
| Sodium sensitivity |
| Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system |
| Renal kallikrein–kinin system |
| Endothelial factors |
| Cellular ion-transport systems (Na–Li; Na–H; Na–K–Cl) |
| Thrifty genotype |
| Insulin resistance |
| Metabolic syndrome (hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia) |
| Cardiac output |
| Environmental factors |
| Obesity, truncal obesity |
| Alcohol intake |
| Smoking and tobacco intake |
| High salt intake |
| Low dietary potassium or calcium intake |
| Low birth weight |
| Temperature and altitude |
| Psychosocial stress |
| Sedentary lifestyle |
| Socioeconomic status |
