1. ^aDepartment of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
2. ^bAustralian Centre for Radiofrequency Bioeffects Research (ACRBR), Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Correspondence: Professor Michael Abramson, Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Central and Eastern Clinical School, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia. Tel: +61 3 9903 0573; Fax: +61 3 9903 0556; E-mail: Michael.Abramson@med.monash.edu.au; web site: http://www.med.monash.edu.au/epidemiology/

Received 21 September 2006; Accepted 27 November 2006; Published online 28 February 2007.

Abstract

The debate on mobile telephone safety continues. Most epidemiological studies investigating health effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation emitted by mobile phone handsets have been criticised for poor exposure assessment. Most of these studies relied on the historical reconstruction of participants' phone use by questionnaires. Such exposure assessment methods are prone to recall bias resulting in misclassification that may lead to conflicting conclusions. Although there have been some studies using software-modified phones (SMP) for exposure assessment in the literature, until now there is no published work on the use of hardware modified phones (HMPs) or RF dosimeters for studies of mobile phones and health outcomes. We reviewed existing literature on mobile phone epidemiology with particular attention to exposure assessment methods used. Owing to the inherent limitations of these assessment methods, we suggest that the use of HMPs may show promise for more accurate exposure assessment of RF radiation from mobile phones.