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Journal home Advance online publication Current issue Archive Press releases Supplements Focuses Guide to authors Online submission For referees Free online issue Contact the journal Subscribe Advertising work@npg Reprints and permissions About this site For librarians   NPG Resources Nature Nature Reviews Nature Immunology Nature Cell Biology Nature Genetics news@nature.com Nature Conferences Dissect Medicine NPG Subject areas Biotechnology Cancer Chemistry Clinical Medicine Dentistry Development Drug Discovery Earth Sciences Evolution & Ecology Genetics Immunology Materials Science Medical Research Microbiology Molecular Cell Biology Neuroscience Pharmacology Physics Browse all publications Article Nature Medicine  9, 191 - 197 (2003) Published online: 21 January 2003; Corrected online: 22 January 2003 | doi:10.1038/nm822 HIV-1 Tat reprograms immature dendritic cells to express chemoattractants for activated T cells and macrophages Elena Izmailova1, Frederic M.N. Bertley1, Qian Huang2, Norbert Makori3, Christopher J. Miller3, 4, Richard A. Young2, 5 & Anna Aldovini1 1  Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 2  Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA 3  California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA 4  Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA 5  Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Anna Aldovini anna.aldovini@tch.harvard.eduImmature dendritic cells are among the first cells infected by retroviruses after mucosal exposure. We explored the effects of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and its Tat transactivator on these primary antigen-presenting cells using DNA microarray analysis and functional assays. We found that HIV-1 infection or Tat expression induces interferon (IFN)-responsive gene expression in immature human dendritic cells without inducing maturation. Among the induced gene products are chemokines that recruit activated T cells and macrophages, the ultimate target cells for the virus. Dendritic cells in the lymph nodes of macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have elevated levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP-2), demonstrating that chemokine induction also occurs during retroviral infection in vivo. These results show that HIV-1 Tat reprograms host dendritic cell gene expression to facilitate expansion of HIV-1 infection. MORE ARTICLES LIKE THIS These links to content published by NPG are automatically generated REFERENCE Chemokines Nature Encyclopaedia of Life Sciences Chemotaxis: Role in Immune Response Nature Encyclopaedia of Life Sciences REVIEWS Viral evasion of natural killer cells Nature Immunology Review Article (01 Nov 2002)  See all 6 matches for Reviews NEWS AND VIEWS Tat's seductive side Nature Medicine News and Views (01 Feb 2003) RESEARCH The CXC Chemokine GCP-2/CXCL6 Is Predominantly Induced in Mesenchymal Cells by Interleukin-1 and Is Down-Regulated by Interferon-: Comparison with Interleukin-8/CXCL8 Laboratory Investigation Article (01 Jan 2003)  See all 5 matches for Research  Top Abstract Previous | Next Table of contents Full text Download PDF Send to a friend Open Innovation Challenges Novel Approaches to Protecting Maize from Insect Damage Deadline: Nov 29 2009 Reward: $20,000 USD The Seeker is looking for novel approaches to protecting maize from insect damage. This Challenge re... Direct Molecular Detection of Proteins and Nucleic Acids Deadline: Dec 02 2009 Reward: $5,000 USD This Challenge is looking for novel approaches to protein and nucleic acid detection. This is an Id... More Challenges Powered by: nature jobs Group Leader Positions IMP Vienna Austria Copy Editor Indegene Lifesystems Pvt. Ltd Bengaluru 560 071 India More science jobs Post a job for free Figures & Tables Supplementary info See also: News and Views by Stevenson Export citation Search buyers guide:   ADVERTISEMENT

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