Nature Neuroscience
3, 1352 - 1356 (2000)
doi:10.1038/81902
2000 Subject index − Volume 3 Nature Neuroscience
No. 1 1−96
No. 2 97−197
No. 3 199−297
No. 4 299−409
No. 5 411−521
No. 6 523−627
No. 7 629−741
No. 8 743−843
No. 9 845−959
No. 10 961−1056
No. 11 1057−1159
Supplement 1160−1223
No. 12 1225−1356
(E) Editorial; (L) Letter to the Editor; (BR) Book Review; (NV) News & Views; (BC) Brief Communications; (R) Review; (H) History; (V) Viewpoint; (CM) Commentary; (SF) Sponsors' Foreword; (ER) Erratum; (C) Correction;
A
 -synuclein, 1227 (NV), 1301
Actin dynamics, 856 (NV), 887
Actin-based plasticity, 887
Action potential, 1165 (H)
initiation, 849 (NV), 895, 1018
Active zones, 566
Activity, neuronal, 631 (NV)
Addiction, marijuana, 1073 (BC)
Adenoviral vector, 1113
Adult neural stem cells, 986
Aging
effects on memory, 509
neural changes during, 385
Agonist binding, 301 (NV), 315
Allelic exclusion, olfactory receptor genes, 638 (NV), 687
Alternative splicing, RNA transcripts, 641 (NV)
Alzheimer's disease (AD), 460, 973 (NV)
Amblyopia, 496
Amnesia, 1044
Amphetamine, 377, 465
Amygdala, 47, 74, 533 (BC)
Amyloid  (A), fibrillar, 460
Anesthesia, 1274
Angiotensin II, 572, 847 (L)
Animal cognition, 643 (BR)
Animals and humans, differences between, 643 (BR)
Animal research, legal challenges to, 523 (E)
Antidepressants, 465
Anxiety, mouse model of, 529 (NV), 587, 1059 (L)
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, 973 (NV)
Apoptosis, 1061 (NV), 1085
Appetite regulation, 1057 (E)
Arm movements, goal-directed, 391, 963 (L)
Association of Neuroscience Departments and Programs (ANDP) survey, 433 (CM)
Assumptions, models as a test for, 1198 (V)
Attention, 496, 622, 409 (ER), 1218 (R)
top-down control of, 284
visual, 940, 1347 (C)
visual, auditory, somatosensory, 277
Auditory
cortex—see Cortex, auditory
experience, learning through, 482
information, memory for, 1075 (BC)
spatial memory, 1075 (BC)
Automatic hand guidance, 729
Autophosphorylation, 911
Axon
development, 708
growth, 971 (NV), 1004
guidance, 641 (NV)
motoneuron, 1012
regeneration, 694
Axonal transport, 415 (NV), 445
B
Backward masking, 489
Basal ganglia, 226, 377
Basis functions, 1192 (R)
BDNF expression, 799
Behavior, 1240 (BR), 1239 (BR)
automatisms, 729
genetics, 1 (E)
Benzodiazepines (BZs), 529 (NV), 587, 1059 (L)
dual actions of, 1274
Bicuculline, 749 (NV)
Binocular
disparity, 54
interactions, 409 (C)
rivalry, 1153
Bipolar rod cells, 1121
Birdsong, 482
BOLD response
initial dip, 105 (NV), 164, 413 (L)
noise fluctuations in, 413 (L)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 323, 350, 533 (BC), 1134
Breathing patterns, 531 (NV), 600
Broad-band input, muscle response to, 245
C
Caenorhabditis elegans, 120, 771, 1232
Calcineurin, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
Calcium
compartmentalization in dendritic spines, 653 (R)
dynamics, 566
gating, 670
signaling, intracellular, 202 (NV)
signaling, presynaptic, 786
waves, 452
Calcium-activated K+ channels, 566
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, 211, 881, 911, 1062 (NV), 1079
Calcium-dependent endo- and exocytosis, 636 (NV)
Calretinin, 786
Cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC), 851 (NV), 867
Caspase-3, 1061 (NV), 1085
Cat, 409 (C), 617
Categorization, models of, 1199 (R)
Category-selective cells, hippocampus, 855 (NV), 946
Cation channels, 572, 847 (L)
Cell death, promotion of, 460
Cell replacement therapies, 537 (CM)
Cell type specification, 967 (NV), 979
Cerebellum, 527 (NV), 551, 1229 (NV), 1256
models of, 1205 (R)
Chick, 126
Chloride dependence of K+ channels, 771
Cholecystokinin (CCK), 47, 572, 847 (L)
Choline transporter, high-affinity, 120
Chromatin modification, 1241
Ciliary ganglion neurons, 126
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) receptor, ligand for, 851 (NV), 867
Circadian
clock, mammalian, 1241
oscillations, 372
oscillators, M and E, 305 (NV)
rhythms, 755 (BC)
Classical conditioning, models of, 1218 (R)
Climbing fiber synapses, 1266
CNTF II, 851 (NV), 867
Cocaine, 377, 465
Cochlear hair cells, 580
Cognitive
control, 421(NV), 516
development, effect of maternal care, 799
neuroscience, 975 (BR)
Collybistins, 5 (NV), 22
Compartmentalization, cellular, 670
Complex cells, 54
Computational neuroscience—see Models, computational
Computational unit of the brain, 1167 (H)
Computer vision, 1199 (R)
Concentration, AMPA receptor conductance dependence on, 992
Conciousness, 743 (E)
Conflict of interests in biomedical research, 299 (E)
Connexin, 7 (NV)
Consciousness, 857 (BR)
Contrast gain control, 259
Convergence of retinal inputs, 525 (NV), 608
Cortex, 7 (NV), 525 (NV)
anterior cingulate, 421 (NV), 502, 516
auditory, 965 (L)
barrel, 911
immature, 452
involvement in memory, 205 (NV)
insular, 184, 1077 (BC)
microarchitecture of, 413 (L)
motor, primary (M1), 307 (NV), 391, 963 (L), 1347 (C)
occipital, 191
occipitotemporal object areas, 837
parietal, 729
posterior, 292, 521 (ER), 729
intraparietal sulcus, 206 (NV)
prefrontal, 85, 399, 421 (NV), 509, 516, 965 (L), 1075 (BC), 1184 (R)
rhinal, 1307
somatosensory, 358, 366, 476
temporal, 759 (CM)
temporal−parietal junction (TPJ), 206 (NV), 292, 521 (ER)
visual, 622, 724, 1027
cat, 617
extrastriate, 399
inferotemporal (IT), 150, 745 (NV), 749 (NV), 807, 814, 1066 (NV), 1134, 1143
MT, 201 (NV), 270, 631 (NV), 647 (BC)
primary (V1), 9 (NV), 64, 251, 303 (NV), 385, 409 (ER), 409 (C), 496, 535 (BC), 750 (NV), 822, 940, 1153, 1347 (ER), 1347 (ER)
V4, 170, 409 (ER)
V5, 631 (NV), 716, 1322
Cortical
columns, 105 (NV), 164, 413 (L)
development, 30, 358, 640 (NV), 679, 1347 (C)
early network oscillations, 452
inhibition, 303 (NV), 701
plasticity, 476
Corticosteroids, 977 (BC)
Cortisone, effect on memory, 313 (BC)
Counting deficits, 496
Coupling
electrical and synaptic, 366
neuronal, 593
Coverage of visual space, 750 (NV), 822
CPG15, 971 (NV), 1004
Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), 101 (NV),133
Cricket, 1236 (NV), 1340
Culture, effect on brain function, 3 (NV), 91
Cutaneous input, removal of, 476
Cyclic AMP, 101 (NV),133
Cyclic GMP, 559
Cytokines, neural, 851 (NV), 867
D
Data sharing, 845 (E), 863 (CM), 1204 (V)
Deafferented digits, 476
Deafness, 419 (NV)
Death, neuronal, 1061 (NV), 1085
Decisions, neural basis of, 827
Deep cerebellar nuclei, 109 (BC)
Degenerin, 1232
Degree programs in neuroscience, growth of, 433 (CM)
Dendrites, 753 (BR)
branching, 849 (NV), 895
arbor development, 54, 208 (NV), 217
models of, 1171 (R)
Dendritic
growth, 30, 342, 971 (NV), 1004
integration, participation of Ca2+ channels, 670
mRNA targeting, 1062 (NV), 1079
protein synthesis, 211
spine, 311 (BC), 521 (ER), 545 (R), 653 (R), 856 (NV), 887
coincidence detection, 1266
formation, 205 (NV), 238
plasticity of, 409 (ER)
transport, 1062 (NV), 1079
Diazepam, 529 (NV), 587, 1059 (L), 1274
Direction bias, visual, 385
Disgust, 1077 (BC)
Disparity-selective neurons, 409 (C)
Distributed databases, 863 (CM)
Domain specificity in face perception, 759 (CM), 764 (CM)
Dopamine, function in midbrain, 465
Dopaminergic degeneration, 1227 (NV), 1301
Dopaminergic neurons, 337
Drosophila
genome mapping, implications for future research, 424 (NV), 641 (NV), 752 (NV), 780, 859 (BC), 1012
genetics, 411 (E)
Drug-taking behavior, 1073 (BC)
Dscam, Drosophila axon guidance receptor, 641 (NV)
Dynamin, 859 (BC)
E
Editorial process, 629 (E)
Electrical synapses, 7 (NV)
Electroencephalography (EEG), 421 (NV), 516
Elongation factor 2 (eEF2) phosphorylation, 211
Embryonic stem (ES) cells, human, 961 (E)
Emotions, 857 (BR), 1049, 1077 (BC)
Employment prospects for neuroscience students, 433 (CM)
Emx2, 640 (NV), 679, 1347 (C)
Encyclopedia of neuroscience, 1071 (BR)
Endocytosis, calcium dependent, 636 (NV)
Environmental enrichment, 205 (NV), 238
Eph/ephrin signaling, 358, 1091
Epilepsy, cell replacement therapy in, 537 (CM)
EPSP attenuation, 849 (NV), 895
Error correction, 419 (NV)
Event-related potentials (ERPs), 284, 399, 1316
Excitability
changes, neuronal, 109 (BC), 142
presynaptic, 1018
Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), 992
Excitotoxicity, 103 (NV), 157
Exocytosis, calcium-dependent, 636 (NV)
Expectation, effect on decision time, 827
Experience, effects of, 69
Expertise effects, 191, 759 (CM), 764 (CM)
Eye gaze, 80
Eye movement strategy, cricket, 1236 (NV), 1340
Eye movements, 745 (NV), 814, 827
Eyelid conditioning, models of, 1205 (R)
F
Face identity perception, 80, 191, 759 (CM), 764 (CM), 1077 (BC)
Facial expressions, recognition of, 1077 (BC)
Fast-spiking (FS) cells, 74, 238, 533 (BC), 904
Feature conjunction, 264
Feedback pathway, auditory, 419 (NV)
Feeding behavior, 757 (BC)
Ferret, 342, 608, 1027
Filopodia, pre- and postsynaptic, 1012
Filters, spatial linear, 622
Fixation neurons, superior colliculus, 932
Fixations, visual, 814, 1340
Flash-lag effect, 489
Food intake, 645 (BC)
Form representation, 745 (NV), 814
Forward models of movement, 1212 (R)
Fos, 47
Fourier motion, 1128
Free will, fat and, 1057 (E)
Frog saccular hair cells, 786
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 80, 85, 105 (NV), 164, 306 (NV), 404, 413 (L), 509, 535 (BC), 631 (NV), 716, 837, 940, 973 (NV), 1068 (NV), 1077 (BC), 1149, 1153, 1322, 1329, 1347 (ER)
data sharing, 845 (E)
relationship to single neuron activity, 716
Fusiform face area (FFA), 759 (CM), 764 (CM), 191
G
GABA
release, inhibition of, 527 (NV), 551
transporter, GAT1, 969 (NV), 998
GABAergic
inhibition, intracortical, 749 (NV), 807
synapses, 366
Gap junctions, 7 (NV), 366, 593
Gaze position, 932
GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs), 5 (NV), 22
Gender differences, 306 (NV), 404
Gene
deletion, 1113
induction, 377
replacement, 1113
General cognitive ability (g), 1 (E)
Generalization, from data or models, 1198 (V)
Genetics, psychiatric, 1239 (BR)
Genome sequencing, 411 (E), 424 (NV)
Gephyrin, 5 (NV), 22
Gli3, mice lacking, 967 (NV), 979
Gliosis, reactive, 873
Glomeruli
Drosophila, antennal lobe, 780
moth, 853 (NV), 927
olfactory bulb (OB), 1035
Glucocorticoid receptor, DNA binding, 977 (BC)
Glutamate, 527 (NV), 551, 559
concentration in synaptic cleft, 330
Goals of neuroscience, 1183 (V)
Graduate students, neuroscience, 433 (CM)
Grandmother cell, 1169 (H)
Greebles, 191, 759 (CM), 764 (CM)
Growth cone dynamics, 231
Gustation, 431 (BC)
H
Hair cell, 580, 786
Hand trajectory, cortical representation, 391, 963 (L)
Haptic feedback, 69
Hassenstein-Reichardt model, 1168 (H)
Head direction cells, 209 (BC)
Heading, 647 (BC), 1322
Hearing, effect on song learning, 419 (NV)
Hebbian model, 525 (NV), 608, 919, 1166 (H)
Hemodynamics, 105 (NV), 164, 413 (L)
Hippocampal development, maternal care, 799
Hippocampus, 205 (NV), 209 (BC), 238, 306 (NV), 311 (BC), 404, 409 (ER), 521 (ER), 533 (BC), 559, 849 (NV), 855 (NV), 881, 895, 946, 977 (BC), 1107, 1018, 1044, 1064 (NV), 1098
activation by episodic memory, 1068 (NV), 1149
Histamine-containing neurons, 791
Histone modification, 1241
History, computational neuroscience, 1165 (H), 1166 (H), 1167 (H), 1168 (H), 1169 (H), 1170 (H)
Hodgkin-Huxley theory, 649 (CM), 1165 (H)
Homeodomain
genes, 640 (NV), 1347 (C), 679
proteins, 967 (NV), 979
Human Brain Project, 863 (CM)
Human cognition, 643 (BR)
Human ether a go-go-related gene (HERG), 429 (BC)
Human genome project, 1 (E)
Hunger, regulatory pathways for, 1057 (E)
Huntington's disease (HD), cell replacement therapy, 537 (CM)
Hyperpolarization-activated nonselective cation (Ih) channels, 101 (NV),133
Hypothalamus, 572, 757 (BC)
I
I7 odorant receptor, 1248
Identification, models of, 1199 (R)
Idiothetic cues, 209 (BC)
Imagery, effect on memory, 1316
Inferotemporal cortex—see Cortex, visual, inferotemporal
Information integration, 85
Information processing, cerebellar, 1205 (R)
Infrared differential interference contrast (IR-DIC) micrography, 7 (NV)
Inhibition
cortical, 701
local, 749 (NV), 807
synchronized, 904
Insulin, 757 (BC)
AMPA receptor endocytosis by, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
Integral membrane proteins, 311 (BC), 521 (ER)
Internal models, movement, 1212 (R)
Interneurons
cortical, 366
electrically coupled, 904
inhibitory, 701, 791
Intrasaccadic motion processing, 177
Ion channel gating, 301 (NV), 315
Iso-orientation, 724
K
K+ channel, 771
K+ channel interacting proteins (KChIPs), 202 (NV)
KATP channels, 757 (BC)
Kinematics, movement, 1192 (R)
Knockout mice, 465, 472, 640 (NV), 679, 755 (BC), 1240, 1347 (C)
Kv3.2, potassium channel, 791
Kv4 potassium channel, 202 (NV)
L
Laminar input, 701
Language, 3 (NV), 91
Latent inhibition, 533 (BC)
Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), 54, 525 (NV), 608
Learning, 482
contextual, 533 (BC)
models of, 1218 (R)
motor, 860 (BC)
skill, 1235 (NV), 1237 (BC), 1335
spatial, effect of maternal care on, 799
Legal issues, animal research, 523 (E)
Leptin, 1057 (E)
Lesion study, 399, 421 (NV), 516
Lesions
amygdala, 74
dorsal root, 476
hippocampal, 1044
lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum, 419 (NV)
parietal, 729
prefrontal, 399, 516
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIFR), 851 (NV), 867
Light, effect on circadian clock, 1241
Lmx1, 337
Lobster (Panulirus interruptus), 245
Long term potentiation (LTP), 205 (NV), 238, 303 (NV), 330, 545 (R), 708, 1064 (NV), 1098, 1178 (R)
Long-term depression (LTD), 150, 303 (NV), 545 (R), 1107, 1178 (R), 1266, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
Low-threshold-spiking (LTS) cells, 904
Lurcher mutation, 301 (NV), 315
M
Magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs), 572, 847 (L)
Magnocellular pathway, 177
Map development, cortical, 358, 750 (NV), 822
Marijuana, potential for abuse, 1073 (BC)
Marroquin patterns, 170
Masking experiments, 724
Mass spectroscopy, 633 (NV), 661
Maternal care, effect on hippocampal development, 799
Math1, effect on hair cell production, 580
Mauthner cell, axon growth cone, 231
Maze, virtual reality, 306 (NV), 404
McCulloch-Pitts neuron, 1167 (H), 1169 (H)
Mechanoreceptor, 1232
Mechanosensitive channels, 572
Membrane potential, two-state fluctuations of, 617
Membrane trafficking, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
Memory, 973 (NV)
age, effects on, 509
associative, 1307
declarative, 313 (BC), 1134
episodic, 1068 (NV), 1149
false, 1316
molecular, 881
neurocomputational models of, 1184 (R)
nonspatial, 205 (NV), 238
remote spatial, 1044
sleep, effects on, 831, 1235 (NV), 1237 (BC), 1335
visuospatial and audiospatial, 1075 (BC)
Mental illness, 1239 (BR)
Mesencephalic dopamine system, 337
Messenger RNA transport repression, 1062 (NV), 1079
Microsaccadic eye movements, 251, 409 (ER)
Microstimulation, 201 (NV), 270
Migration, neuroblast, 1091
Miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs), 1229 (NV), 1256
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, 323, 1107
Models
advantages of, 1183 (V)
computational, 54, 170, 307 (NV), 309 (BR), 391, 649 (CM), 919, 963 (L), 1160 (I), 1165 (H), 1166 (H), 1167 (H), 1168 (H), 1169 (H), 1170 (H), 1171 (R), 1177 (V), 1178 (R), 1183 (V), 1184 (R), 1191 (V), 1192 (R), 1198 (V), 1199 (R), 1204 (V), 1205 (R), 1211 (V), 1212 (R), 1218 (R), 1347 (C)
generative, 1170 (H)
versus theories, 1177 (V)
Molecular receptive range, odorant receptor, 1248
Molecular switch hypothesis, 911
Monkey, macaque (Macaca mulatta), 251, 385, 409 (C), 476, 502, 745 (NV), 1066 (NV), 1075 (BC), 1134, 1143, 1307
Monkey, split-brain, 1134
Monkey, squirrel (Saimiri sciureus), 1073 (BC)
Monosodium l-glutamate (l-MSG), 99 (NV), 113
Morphine tolerance, 47
Morphology, neuronal, 342
Moth, 853 (NV), 927
Motion
detection, 1168 (H)
influence on position perception, 954
perception, 177, 716
processing, 1128
visual, 9 (NV), 64, 1322
Motivational significance, visual cues, 1307
Motor
control, 729, 1212 (R)
coordination, 593
cortex—see Cortex, motor
learning, cerebellar, 109 (BC)
neuron, 142, 231
reactions, automatic and intentional, 729
timing, training effects on, 860 (BC)
Motor neuron axons, 1012
regeneration, 694
Motor-pattern generation, 593
Movement, computational principles, 1212 (R)
MT—see Cortex, visual, MT
Müller glial cell, 873
Multielectrode recording arrays, 853 (NV), 927
Multimodal sensory activations, 277
Multiplication in single neurons, 1171 (R)
Muscle cells, from neural stem cells, 961 (E), 986
Muscle physiology, 307 (NV), 391, 963 (L), 1347 (C)
Mutant mice, 1240 (BR)
Mysterianism, 199 (E)
N
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 1161 (SF)
Neglect, parietal, 206 (NV), 292, 521 (ER)
Nerve terminals, prefabricated, 415 (NV), 445
Neural networks, 309 (BR), 1169 (H), 1170 (H)
lobster, 245
Neural stem cells, myogenic potential of, 986
Neurexin, 747 (NV)
Neuroblast migration, 1091
Neurodegeneration, 103 (NV), 157
Neurogenesis, 1091
Neuroligin, 747 (NV)
Neuromodulatory effects, models of, 1218 (R)
Neuromuscular junction, 142, 694
Neurotensin, 572, 847 (L)
Neurotoxicity, 460
Neurotransmitter release, 101 (NV), 133, 323, 330, 527 (NV), 551, 566
Neurotrophins, 323, 342, 350, 851 (NV), 867
brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 323, 350, 533 (BC), 1134
neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), 142
neurotrophin-4/5 (NT4), 350
tyrosine kinase B (TrkB), 323, 342, 350
Nitric oxide, 15, 559
Nitrosylation, 15
Nonlinear computations
dendrites, 1171 (R)
sensorimotor transformation, 1192 (R)
Nonlinear dynamics, 309 (BR)
Nonlinear processing, 1167 (H)
Norephinephrine transporter (NET), 465
Notch 1, 30
N-type calcium channel, 670
Nurr1, 337
O
Obesity, biological versus societal reasons for, 1057 (E)
Object
cortical areas for recognition, 837
naming, 1329
preference in neurons, 1066 (NV), 1143
recognition, 749 (NV), 807, 837
models of, 1199 (R)
Object-selective activation, 837
Ocular dominance, 303 (NV), 750 (NV), 822
Odor identification, 853 (NV), 927
Odor maps, 1035
Odorant receptor, 1248
Odorants, structural features of, 1035
Olfactory
axons, Drosophila, 752 (NV)
bulb, mammalian, 1035
learning, 238
marker protein (OMP) gene, 1113
neurons, 780
receptor (OR), 780
gene expression, 638 (NV), 687
system, 431 (BC), 853 (NV), 927
Ontogenetic neuron death, 1061 (NV), 1085
Optic ataxia, 729
Optic flow, 1322
Optical imaging, 750 (NV), 822
Optomotor behavior, zebrafish, 1128
Oral sensation, 431 (BC)
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 863 (CM)
Orientation
bias, visual, 385
discrimination, 409 (ER)
perception, 13 (BC)
selectivity, 525 (NV), 608
Orientation-specific signals, 535 (BC), 1347 (ER)
Orthography, 3 (NV), 91
Oscillations
calcium concentration, 452
motor neuron, 593
Oscillatory activity, spontaneous, 452
Osmoreception, 572, 847 (L)
P
p27Kip1, mice lacking, 873
Parallel fiber synapses, 1266
Parkinson's disease, 1227 (NV), 1301
cell replacement therapy, 537 (CM)
Patterning, neuronal, 967 (NV), 979
Pax6, 640 (NV), 1347 (C), 679
Peer review, 629 (E)
Perception
connection to neural activity, 1169 (H)
object position, 954
visual, 1153
Perceptual
learning, 264
oscillations, 170
predictions, 737
training, 860 (BC)
Persistent activity, 1184 (R)
Pesticides, association with Parkinson's disease, 1301, 1227 (NV)
PhD programs in neuroscience, 409 (C)
Phenomenological models, 649 (CM)
Pheromone system, moth, 853 (NV), 927
Phonology, 3 (NV), 91
Phosphocan, 417 (NV), 437
Photosensitive epilepsy, 259
Phototyrosine phosphatases, 437
Place cells, 209 (BC)
Plasticity
cortical, 1329
critical period, 303 (NV)
developmental, 708
experience dependent, 911, 1066 (NV), 1143
spike timing dependent, 919
Polarity, neuronal, 415 (NV), 445
Polyglutamine repeats, 103 (NV), 157
Population response, neuronal, 201 (NV), 270
Population vectors, 307 (NV), 391, 963 (L), 1347 (C)
Positron emission tomography (PET), 3 (NV), 91, 184, 831, 1049
Postsynaptic density (PSD), 633 (NV), 661
Postsynaptic membrane, biochemical composition of, 545 (R)
Potassium channel, 566, 771
subunits, 791
A-type, 202 (NV)
Potassium current, cation modulation of, 429 (BC)
Pre-Bötzinger complex, 531 (NV), 600
Presynaptic
active zone, precursors of, 445
differentiation, 747 (NV)
Priming, 489
Programmed neuron death, 1061 (NV), 1085
Projections, auditory to prefrontal cortex, 965 (L)
Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), 645 (BC)
Proliferation, 873, 1091
Protein kinase G (PKG), 559
Protein synthesis, 311 (BC), 521 (ER)
Protein tyrosine phosphatases, 417 (NV)
Proteomics, 633 (NV), 661
Prototerminal, 415 (NV)
Psychiatry, 1239 (BR)
Psychostimulants, 465
Ptx3, 337
Purkinje cells, 1229 (NV), 1256, 1266
Putamen, 1077 (BC)
Pyloric neuromuscular system, 245
Pyramidal neurons, 701
R
Rana pipiens, 786
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, 1235 (NV), 1237 (BC), 1335
Rate code, 1169 (H)
Reading, 3 (NV), 91
Receptive fields, 409 (C)
Receptor channels, touch, 1232
Receptor clustering, 5 (NV), 22
Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTB), 417 (NV), 437
Receptor−ligand interactions, 1248
Receptors
acetylcholine
muscarinic, 904
nicotinic, 126
dopamine, 377
D1 and D2 colocalization, 226
GABA, type A, 5 (NV), 22, 1274
1 subtype, 529 (NV), 587, 1059 (L)
glutamate, 633 (NV), 661, 887, 992
AMPA, 301 (NV), 315, 330, 527 (NV), 551, 559, 856 (NV), 887
endocytosis of, 1064 (NV), 1098, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
kainate, 301 (NV), 315, 992
metabotropic (mGluR), 99 (NV), 113, 150, 904, 1107
NMDA, 15, 211, 205 (NV), 217, 238, 301 (NV), 315, 330, 482, 633 (NV), 661, 799, 1018, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
associated protein complex (NRC), 633 (NV), 661
glycine, 126
histamine (H2), 791
Recognition memory, 150
Recognition performance, 837
Recurrent excitation, models of, 1184 (R)
Reductionism, limits of, 1211 (V)
Reichardt model, 1168 (H)
Reinnervated muscles, 694
Repetition-related activity, 502
Replacement, neuronal, 537 (CM)
Reproductive behavior, female, 472
Rescue, knockout, 1113
Retina, mammalian, 1121
Retinal injury, 873
Retinotectal synapses, 708, 971 (NV), 1004
Reverbatory activity, 1166 (H)
Reward schedules, visually cued, 1307
Rho GTPases, 208 (NV), 217
Rhythm generation, 531 (NV), 600
Rhythms, cortical, 1027
Rivalry, binocular, 1153
Rod photoreceptor, mutations, 1121
Rotenone, 1227 (NV), 1301
Ryanodine, 1229 (NV), 1256
S
S-nitrosylation, 15
Saccadic eye movements, 177, 745 (NV), 814, 827, 932, 1340
Sacculus, frog, 786
Sea urchin eggs, 636 (NV)
Search-related activity, 502
Sec61, 311 (BC), 521 (ER)
Second-order motion, 1128
Secretory proteins, 311 (BC), 521 (ER)
Senescence, visual function in, 385
Senses, integration of taste and smell, 431 (BC)
Sensorimotor
delays, effects on movement, 1212 (R)
predictions, 737
transformations, 1192 (R)
Sensory experience of non-human animals, 427 (BR)
Sensory stimuli changes, detection of, 277
Sensory stimuli, serial-order effects of, 502
Sequential behavior, 502
Serotonin, 101 (NV), 133
Sex behaviors, female, estrogen-stimulated, 472
Sharing of data, 845 (E), 863 (CM)
Shibire (shi) mutant, 859 (BC)
Silent synapses, 330, 545 (R), 694, 1064 (NV), 1098
Simulations, 649 (CM)
Single neuron
activity and fMRI measurements, relationship between, 716
information processing in, 1171 (R)
recordings, in human, 855 (NV), 946
Site-directed mutagenesis, 15
Size−weight illusion, 737
Skeletal muscle, 694
Sleep, 831
effects on memory, 1235 (NV), 1237 (BC), 1335
slow-wave, 1027, 1235 (NV), 1237 (BC), 1335
rapid eye movement (REM), 831
SLO-2, 771
Smoothened (Smo-M2), 41
SNARE hypothesis, 969 (NV), 998
Sodium channels, voltage-gated, 417 (NV), 437
Song learning in birds, 419 (NV)
Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), 41, 967 (NV), 979
Space representation, hippocampal, 209 (BC)
Spatial memory, 1044, 1075 (BC)
Spectral motion, 965 (L)
Spike-frequency adaptation, 170
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity, 919, 1178 (R)
Spinal cord, 41
mammalian, 593
ventral, 967 (NV), 979
Spine calcium dynamics, 653 (R)
Spine motility, 856 (NV), 887
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), 103 (NV), 157
Split-brain monkeys, 1134
Squid axon, giant, 1165 (H)
Squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus), 1073 (BC)
Steering, 647 (BC)
Stem cells, 537 (CM)
neural, 986
political debate about, 961 (E)
Stereopsis, 409 (C)
Stereotypy, motor, 377
Strabismic amblyopia, counting deficits in, 496
Stress, effect on memory, 313 (BC)
Stretch-inactivated cation channel, 847 (L)
Striatum, 226, 377
Stroke, cell replacement therapy, 537 (CM)
Subjectivity, 857 (BR)
Subventrical zone (SVZ), 1091
Superior colliculus fixation neurons, 932
Superior colliculus, rat, 211
Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), 305 (NV), 372, 755 (BC), 1241
Surround modulation, 724
Synapse
inactivation, 409 (ER)
maturation, 1064 (NV), 1098
ectopic, 1121
retinotectal, 971 (NV), 1004
Synapsins, 323
Synaptic
connections, remodeling of, 694
fatigue, 859 (BC)
modification, 1062 (NV), 1079
plasticity, 150, 205 (NV), 238, 303 (NV), 330, 545 (R), 708, 881, 919, 1064 (NV), 1098, 1107, 1166 (H), 1178 (R), 1266, 1230 (NV), 1282, 1291
redistribution, 1178 (R)
scaling, 1178 (R)
strength, distance-dependent scaling, 849 (NV), 895
vesicle, 636 (NV)
membrane trafficking, 859 (BC)
proteins, 747 (NV)
Synaptic-like microvesicles, 415 (NV)
Synaptogenesis, 205 (NV), 231, 238, 308 (NV), 445, 1012, 1121
Synaptosome purification, 323
Synchrony, neural ensembles, 853 (NV), 927
Syntaxin 1A, 969 (NV), 998
T
Taste, 433 (BC)
receptors, 99 (NV), 113
Temperature sensation, 184
Texture segmentation, 622
Thalamus, 525 (NV), 608
THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) self-administration, 1073 (BC)
Theory and experiment, interaction of, 1191 (V), 1204 (V)
Thyroid hormone receptor genes, effect on sex behavior, 472
Tilt aftereffect, 13 (BC)
Timeless gene, 755 (BC)
Timing effects, cerebellar models, 1205 (R)
Timing, motor, 860 (BC)
Top-down perception, 1170 (H)
Topographic map of body surface, 358, 750 (NV), 822
Touch receptors, 1232
Transforming growth factor-, 1061 (NV), 1085
Transgenic mice, 41, 350, 529 (NV), 587, 638 (NV), 687, 1059 (L), 1240 (BR), 1241
Translocation of CaMKII, 881
Translocons (protein translocation sites), 311 (BC), 521 (ER)
Transparent motion, 201 (NV), 270
Transport packets, cytoplasmic, 445
Transporters, neurotransmitter, 969 (NV), 998
Two-photon imaging, 452
Tyrosine kinase B (TrkB)
isoforms, 342
receptors, 323, 350
Tyrosine phosphatase , 417 (NV), 437
U
Ubiquitin, 1227 (NV), 1301
Umami, 99 (NV), 113
Understanding
meaning of, 1211 (V)
prospects for the brain, 199 (E)
Untranslated region, 3', CaMKII, 1062 (NV), 1079
Urgency, effect on decision time, 827
V
Vaccinia virus vector, 217
VAMP, presynaptic vesicle protein, 445
Ventral cell types in spinal cord, development of, 41
Vesicles, synaptic, 636 (NV), 747 (NV), 859 (BC)
View-based models of object recognition, 1199 (R)
Viewpoint, 1177 (V), 1183 (V), 1191 (V), 1198 (V), 1204 (V), 1211 (V)
Visual
attention, 940, 1347 (ER)
categories, coding for, 855 (NV), 946
cortex—see Cortex, visual
detection task, 940, 1347 (ER)
discrimination, 1235 (NV), 1237 (BC), 1335
experience, 13 (BC)
experience, early, 708
fixation, 251, 409 (ER), 932
imagery, effect on memory, 1316
information delay, compensation for, 489
maps, 750 (NV), 822
memory, 1134
motion, 1168 (H)
information, 647 (BC)
perception, 201 (NV)
processing, 270
pattern integration, 9 (NV), 64
perception, 409 (ER)
processing, 191, 399, 759 (CM), 764 (CM)
psychophysics, 622, 724, 827, 954, 1128
recognition, 837
search, 264
slant, 69
spatial attention, 292, 521 (ER), 284
spatial memory, 1075 (BC)
stimulation, natural versus laboratory-based, 745 (NV), 814
stimuli, moving, 716
thalamus, 525 (NV), 608
Visually evoked potentials (VEPs), 259
Visuospatial navigation, gender differences in, 306 (NV), 404
W
Weightlessness, 209 (BC)
WNT factors, role in synaptogenesis, 308 (NV)
Working memory, 85, 509, 1184 (R)
Writing, scientific, 97 (E)
X
Xenopus laevis, 15, 142, 217, 566, 708, 971 (NV), 1004
Z
Zebra finch, 419 (NV), 482
Zebrafish (Danio rerio), 231, 1128
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