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Nature 391, 397-401 (22 January 1998) | doi:10.1038/34929;

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HIV-1 Nef protein protects infected primary cells against killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) lyse virally infected cells that display viral peptide epitopes in association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on the cell surface. However, despite a strong CTL response directed against viral epitopes, untreated people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) develop AIDS.

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