Original Article

International Journal of Obesity (2007) 31, 411–417. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803450; published online 5 September 2006

Features of the metabolic syndrome are modulated by an interaction between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta -87T>C polymorphism and dietary fat in French-Canadians

J Robitaille1,2, D Gaudet3, L Pérusse4 and M-C Vohl1,2

  1. 1Lipid Research Center, CHUQ-CHUL Pavilion, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
  2. 2Food Science and Nutrition Department, Laval University, Québec, Canada
  3. 3Community Genomic Medicine Center, Montreal University, and Lipid Clinic, Chicoutimi Hospital, Québec, Canada
  4. 4Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Division of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Canada

Correspondence: Dr M-C Vohl, Lipid Research Center, CHUQ-CHUL, 2705 Laurier Blvd, TR-93, Ste-Foy, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada. E-mail: Marie-Claude.Vohl@crchul.ulaval.ca

Received 21 November 2005; Revised 16 March 2006; Accepted 14 May 2006; Published online 5 September 2006.

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Abstract

Objective:

 

We verified whether genetic variants in this gene are associated with the MS and whether dietary fatty acids interact with the -87T>C polymorphism.

Methods:

 

By direct sequencing, we identified 15 variants in the PPAR-delta gene and analyses were pursued with the -87T>C polymorphism for 340 subjects.

Results:

 

Metabolic variables were comparable among each genotype group. The -87T>C polymorphism, fat intake and the interaction accounted, respectively for 2.2, 1.9 and 1.5% of the variance in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (P<0.05) (age, sex and energy intake were included into the model). The total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio was also modulated by a gene–diet interaction and by the –87T>C polymorphism (P<0.05). No gene–diet interaction effects were observed for other features of the MS. The age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of exhibiting three or more features of the MS when carrying the -87C allele was 0.62 (P=0.04) compared to –87T/T. However, in subjects consuming less than 34.4% of energy from fat (median of fat consumption), the OR in carriers of the -87C allele was of 0.42 (P=0.008).

Conclusion:

 

These data suggest that the PPAR-delta -87T>C polymorphism may be associated with a lower risk to exhibit the MS and this association is influenced by dietary fat intake.

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR-delta), a transcription factor involved in lipid metabolism, is a candidate gene for the MS.

Keywords:

association study, molecular screening, gene–diet interaction, genetic, epidemiology

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