Paper
International Journal of Obesity (2005) 29, 934–941. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802988; published online 10 May 2005
Grape-seed derived procyanidins interfere with adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells at the onset of differentiation
M Pinent1, M C Bladé1, M J Salvadó1, L Arola1, H Hackl2, J Quackenbush3, Z Trajanoski2 and A Ardévol1
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
- 2Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Austria
- 3The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD, USA
Correspondence: Dr A Ardévol, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Marcel.lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. E-mail: aag@astor.urv.es
Received 3 November 2004; Revised 14 February 2005; Accepted 17 March 2005; Published online 10 May 2005.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Our group's previous results on the effects of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on adipose metabolism showed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-
(PPAR) plays a central role in the lipolytic effects of GSPE on adipocytes. Since PPAR2 is a main regulator of the differentiation process of adipocytes, we investigated whether GSPE affects the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells.
DESIGN:
We performed a time point screening by treating 3T3-L1 cells with GSPE during the differentiation process for 24 h.
MEASUREMENTS:
Differentiation markers and differential gene expression due to GSPE treatment (using the microarray technique).
RESULTS:
Twenty four hour-GSPE treatment at the onset of differentiation reduces adipose-specific markers and maintains the expression of preadipocyte marker preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) significantly elevated. These effects were not found in other time points. Microarray analysis of gene expression after GSPE treatment at the early stage of differentiation showed a modified gene expression profile in which cell cycle and growth-related genes were downregulated by GSPE.
CONCLUSION:
These results suggest that GSPE affects adipogenesis, mainly at the induction of differentiation, and that procyanidins may have a new role in which they impede the formation of adipose cells.
Keywords:
procyanidin, differentiation, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, PPAR, microarray
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