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Effect of calcium and dairy foods in high protein, energy-restricted diets on weight loss and metabolic parameters in overweight adults

International Journal of Obesity volume 29, pages 957–965 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the effects two high-protein (HP) diets that differ in dietary calcium and protein source on weight loss, body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism, markers of liver function, fibrinolysis and endothelial function and blood pressure.

DESIGN:

Randomized, parallel study (12 wk of energy restriction, 4 wk of energy balance) of high dairy protein/high-calcium (DP, 2400 mg Ca/d) and high mixed protein/moderate calcium (MP, 500 mg Ca/d) diets (5.5 MJ/d, 34% protein, 41% carbohydrate, 24% fat).

SUBJECTS:

In all, 50 healthy, overweight (age 25–64 y; body mass index 25–35 kg/m2;) males (n=20) and females (n=30).

RESULTS:

Loss of total weight (−9.7±3.8 kg), fat mass (−8.3±0.4 kg) and lean mass (−1.6±0.3 kg) were independent of dietary group. Improvements in fasting insulin, lipids, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and markers of liver function, fibrinolysis and endothelial function were independent of dietary intervention.

CONCLUSIONS:

Increased dietary calcium/dairy foods in an energy-restricted, HP diet does not affect weight loss or body composition. Weight reduction following increased protein diets is associated with beneficial metabolic outcomes that are not affected by protein source.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Cherie Keatch, Mark Mano, Rosemary McArthur, Ruth Pinches, Kathryn Lawrence and Helen Gregory for assistance during this study. This work was supported by Dairy Research and Development Corporation Grant #CSHN10003.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, JB University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

    J Bowen

  2. MN, PMC, CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    M Noakes & P M Clifton

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  1. J Bowen
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  2. M Noakes
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  3. P M Clifton
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P M Clifton.

Additional information

This article is based on a study first reported in the Journal of Nutrition describing bone metabolism and calcium excretion results (Bowen J, Noakes M, Clifton PM. A high dairy protein, high-calcium diet minimizes bone turnover in overweight adults during weight loss. J Nutr 2004; 134: 568–573).

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Bowen, J., Noakes, M. & Clifton, P. Effect of calcium and dairy foods in high protein, energy-restricted diets on weight loss and metabolic parameters in overweight adults. Int J Obes 29, 957–965 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802895

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