Paper
International Journal of Obesity (2005) 29, 957–965. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802895; published online 15 February 2005
Effect of calcium and dairy foods in high protein, energy-restricted diets on weight loss and metabolic parameters in overweight adults
This article is based on a study first reported in the Journal of Nutrition describing bone metabolism and calcium excretion results (Bowen J, Noakes M, Clifton PM. A high dairy protein, high-calcium diet minimizes bone turnover in overweight adults during weight loss. J Nutr 2004; 134: 568–573).
J Bowen1, M Noakes2 and P M Clifton2
- 1Department of Physiology, JB University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- 2MN, PMC, CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Correspondence: Dr PM Clifton, CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041 BC, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia. E-mail: peter.clifton@csiro.au
Received 1 June 2004; Revised 11 October 2004; Accepted 15 November 2004; Published online 15 February 2005.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To compare the effects two high-protein (HP) diets that differ in dietary calcium and protein source on weight loss, body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism, markers of liver function, fibrinolysis and endothelial function and blood pressure.
DESIGN:
Randomized, parallel study (12 wk of energy restriction, 4 wk of energy balance) of high dairy protein/high-calcium (DP, 2400 mg Ca/d) and high mixed protein/moderate calcium (MP, 500 mg Ca/d) diets (5.5 MJ/d, 34% protein, 41% carbohydrate, 24% fat).
SUBJECTS:
In all, 50 healthy, overweight (age 25–64 y; body mass index 25–35 kg/m2;) males (n=20) and females (n=30).
RESULTS:
Loss of total weight (-9.7
3.8 kg), fat mass (-8.30.4 kg) and lean mass (-1.60.3 kg) were independent of dietary group. Improvements in fasting insulin, lipids, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and markers of liver function, fibrinolysis and endothelial function were independent of dietary intervention.
CONCLUSIONS:
Increased dietary calcium/dairy foods in an energy-restricted, HP diet does not affect weight loss or body composition. Weight reduction following increased protein diets is associated with beneficial metabolic outcomes that are not affected by protein source.
Keywords:
calcium, dairy, dietary proteins, overweight, weight reduction
