TABLE 3
FROM:
The evolution of clinical immunology and allergy in Australia
Antony Basten
BACK TO ARTICLETable 3. Framework for immunotherapy
| Category | Examples | Route | Possible mechanisms | Outcome (+/-) | Clinical examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ag based | Peptide/protein | s.c./i.m. | Protective response | + | Vaccination |
( Adjuvant) | Mucosal | Protective response | + | Vaccination | |
| - | De-sensitization in allergy | ||||
| 'Naked' DNA | Intradermal | Protective response | + | Vaccination | |
| DNA-containing vectors | Intraportal | T-cell tolerance | - | Xenotransplantation | |
| Gene therapy | |||||
| Cell based | Peptide pulsed CD8+ T cells | i.v. | Protective response | + | Tumour therapy |
| Peptide pulsed | |||||
| Mature DC | s.c. | Protective response | + | Tumour therapy | |
| Immature DC | s.c. | (tolerance via Treg  ) | - | Autoimmunity | |
| B cells | s.c. | (tolerance via Treg ) | - | Autoimmunity | |
| Tregs | i.v. | Restoration of tolerance | - | Autoimmunity/allotransplant | |
| Removal of Tregs from tissue | — | Protective response | + | Tumour therapy | |
| Antibody based | Polyclonal vs microbes | i.v./i.m. | Passive protectiona | + | Systemic infections |
| RhD | i.m. | Passive protection | - | RhD disease of newborn | |
| Pooled (IVIG) | i.v. | Anti-inflammatory effects | - | Autoimmune and vascular inflammatory diseases | |
| Restoration of tolerance | |||||
| Monoclonal | i.v./i.m. | Mediator neutralization | - | C'/cytokine-dependent diseases | |
| Cell death | - | Lymphoma therapy |
Abbreviations: DC, dendritic cell; i.v., intravenous; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; i.m., intramuscular; s.c., subcutaneous.
a Hyperimmune IgG to varicella zoster, CMV and so on.