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Part 1 Oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus
- Tables
  - Physiology of oral cavity, pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter
  - Anatomy and development of oral cavity and pharynx
    - Table 1 : Adult derivatives of embryologic components of the pharyngeal arches
  - Upper esophageal sphincter
    - Table 1 : Motor and sensory innervation of the muscles that open the upper esophageal sphincter (UES)
  - Anatomy and development and physiology of the larynx
  - Anatomy, development, and physiology of the lungs
    - Table 1 : Suggested Readings
  - Role of cerebral cortex in the control of swallowing
    - Table 1 : Summary of the main cortical and sub-cortical activations associated with swallowing, as identified by functional brain imaging studies.
  - Electrophysiologic characterization of the swallowing pattern generator in the brainstem
    - Table 1 : Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) subnuclei mainly involved in oropharyngeal and esophageal phases of swallowing as revealed by microelectrode recordings or c-fos experiments
  - Coordination of respiration and swallowing
    - Table 1 : Studies of breathing and swallowing coordination
  - Reflex interaction of pharynx, esophagus, and airways
    - Table 1 : Comparison of the biomechanical events during primary and pharyngeal swallow
    - Table 2 : Function of various elements involved in belching and swallowing
  - Swallowing and feeding in infants and young children
  - Oral, pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter motility disorders
  - Endoscopic evaluation of oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing
    - Table 1 : Indications for FEES vs. Fluoroscopy Procedure
    - Table 2 : Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES®) examination protocol (Susan E. Langmore, Ph.D., 2004)
  - Pulmonary complications of oral-pharyngeal motility disorders
  - Neurological disorders affecting oral, pharyngeal swallowing
  - Muscle disorders affecting oral and pharyngeal swallowing
    - Table 1 : Involvement of various phases of swallowing and other parts of the GI tract in some peripheral neuromuscular disorders
  - Head and neck disorders affecting swallowing
  - Clinical disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter
    - Table 1 : Neurological lesions causing failed upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation5
    - Table 2 : Candidate mechanisms of esophagopharyngeal regurgitation
  - Laryngeal and pharyngeal complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease
  - Gastroesophageal reflux and asthma
    - Table 1 : Methods for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-related pulmonary disease
    - Table 2 : Prospective trials of proton pump inhibitors in asthmatics with gastroesophageal reflux disease
  - Gastroesophageal reflux and chronic cough
  - Medical and rehabilitative therapy of oral, pharyngeal motor disorders
    - Table 1 : Postures: the change in pharyngeal dimensions or gravity's effect on food flow26, 56, 57
    - Table 2 : Optimal treatment(s) for each medical diagnosis; postural techniques are useful to all except patients with neck problems
  - Surgical intervention and treatment of oral, pharyngeal motor disorders
  - Sphincter mechanisms at the lower end of the esophagus
    - Table 1 : Effects of some hormones and putative neurotransmitters on the lower esophageal sphincter and the possible sites of action
    - Table 2 : Pharmacologic agents known to inhibit transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations
  - Esophageal mucosal defense mechanisms
    - Table 1 : Factors contributing to esophageal mucosal defense against luminal acid
  - Esophageal motility disorders
  - Gastroesophageal reflux monitoring: pH and impedance
    - Table 1 : Normal values for ambulatory pH monitoring
  - Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    - Table 1 : Factors important to the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  - Nonerosive reflux disease
    - Table 1 : Clinical and physiologic characteristics of nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) patients (as compared to patients with erosive esophagitis (EE))
    - Table 2 : Percent overlap in esophageal acid exposure time pH <4 between Barrett's esophagus and NERD, and erosive esophagitis (EE) and NERD, respectively.
  - Reflux esophagitis and peptic strictures
    - Table 1 : Proposed classification system for peptic strictures of the esophagus
    - Table 2 : Randomized trials comparing proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonists in the management of peptic esophageal strictures
  - Barrett's adenocarcinoma
  - Medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    - Table 1 : Lifestyle modifications that may improve the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
    - Table 2 : Extraesophageal Manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
  - Endoscopic therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease
    - Table 1 : Endoscopic antireflux procedures (FDA approved)
  - Surgical therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease
  - Pathophysiology of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm
    - Table 1 : Classification of secondary causes of achalasia
  - Medical and endoscopic management of achalasia
    - Table 1 : Prospective comparison of pneumatic dilation and surgery
    - Table 2 : Comparison of botulinum toxin A (BoT) injections to pneumatic dilation (PD) in achalasia
  - Oral, pharyngeal and esophageal motility disorders in systemic diseases
    - Table 1 : Systemic diseases associated with esophageal dysphagia
  - Oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal motor disorders in infants and children
  - Pharyngeal and esophageal diverticula, rings, and webs
    - Table 1 : Types of pharyngeal and esophageal diverticula
  - A patient with dysphagia to solids and liquids
    - Table 1 : Secondary forms of achalasia
  - How to perform video-fluoroscopic swallowing studies

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