Table 3 - Innervation and actions of suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles involved in oropharyngeal swallowing
From the following article
Physiology of oral cavity, pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter
Benson T. Massey
GI Motility online (2006)
doi:10.1038/gimo2
| Functional Group | Muscle | Innervation | Site of motor neurons | Function in deglutition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suprahyoid | Mylohyoid | Mylohyoid n. (CN V3) | Trigeminal nucleus (V), pons | Raise/stabilize hyoid; stabilize tongue, mouth floor |
| Geniohyoid | Hypoglossal n. (CN XII) | C1 | Raise/protract/stabilize hyoid bone | |
| Stylohyoid | Mandibular branch, facial nerve (CN VII) | Facial nucleus (VII), pons | Raise/retract/stabilize hyoid; elongate mouth floor | |
| Anterior belly of digastric | Mylohyoid nerve (CN V3) | Trigeminal nucleus (V), pons | Raise/stabilize hyoid; lower mandible | |
| Posterior belly of digastric | Auricular branch, facial n. (CN VII) | Facial nucleus (VII), pons | Raise/retract/stabilize hyoid; lower mandible | |
| Infrahyoid | Omohyoid | Ansa cervicalis | C1-C2 | Lower/stabilize hyoid |
| Sternohyoid | ansa cervicalis | C1-C2 | Lower/stabilize hyoid | |
| Thyrohyoid | Ansa cervicalis/hypoglossal n. | C1-C2 | Lower/stabilize hyoid; raise larynx to hyoid | |
| Sternothyroid | Ansa cervicalis | C1-C2 | Lower/stabilize larynx |
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