Figure 11 - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in esophagitis.

LES circular muscle was examined by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of NADPH oxidases message. We used published primers for NOX1, NOX2, NOX3, NOX4, and NOX5, and found that these components of the NADPH oxidase enzyme are all present in esophageal circular muscle, but only NOX5 mRNA was increased in the human specimen with esophagitis, as shown on the left. Increased NOX5 cDNA in the esophagitis specimen was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR, when compared to normal human esophageal circular muscle, as shown on the right. Means + SE are shown for three normal (control) and three IL-1–treated LES sample. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (Source: Cheng et al.,⁸⁶ with permission from American Gastroenterological Association.)