Figure 3 - Comparison of intercordal and intratracheal pressure during straining, swallowing, coughing, and phonation.

Intercordal pressure during straining, coughing and swallowing was significantly higher than that of phonation (^*p <.05). Straining produced pressures significantly higher than coughing (#p <.05). Intratracheal pressure during coughing induced a pressure significantly higher than all other studied events (p <.05p). Intratracheal pressure during straining was significantly higher than those of phonation and swallowing (p <.01). For all studied events, intercordal pressures were significantly higher than intratracheal pressures. (Source: Shaker et al.⁸ with permission from Springer Science and Business Media)