Abbreviations

From the following article

Signal transduction in lower esophageal sphincter circular muscle

Piero Biancani and Karen M. Harnett

GI Motility online (2006)

doi:10.1038/gimo24

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ACh

Acetylcholine

cDNA

complementary DNA

CoA

acetyl-coenzyme A

EFS

electric field stimulation

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

ILK

integrin-linked kinase

group I PLA₂

pancreatic-like phospholipase A₂

LES

lower esophageal sphincter

MAP

mitogen-activated protein kinases

MAPK

map kinase

MLCK

Ca²⁺-calmodulin-myosin light chain kinase

mRNA

messenger RNA

MYPT1

myosin phosphatase

NADPH

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase

NDGA

nordihydroguaiaretic acid

PA

phosphatidic acid

PAF

platelet activating factor

PGF₂

prostaglandin F₂

PI-PLC

phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C

PKC

protein kinase C

PLD

phospholipase D

RT-PCR

reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction

SPLS₂

secreted phospholipase A₂

TLESR

transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation

TXA₂

thromboxane A₂

ZIP

zipper interacting protein

ZIPK

zipper interacting protein kinase

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