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Transcriptional profiling of type 1 diabetes genes on chromosome 21 in a rat beta-cell line and human pancreatic islets

Abstract

We recently finemapped a type 1 diabetes (T1D)-linked region on chromosome 21, indicating that one or more T1D-linked genes exist in this region with 33 annotated genes. In the current study, we have taken a novel approach using transcriptional profiling in predicting and prioritizing the most likely candidate genes influencing beta-cell function in this region. Two array-based approaches were used, a rat insulinoma cell line (INS-1αβ) overexpressing pancreatic duodenum homeobox 1 (pdx-1) and treated with interleukin 1β (IL-1β) as well as human pancreatic islets stimulated with a mixture of cytokines. Several candidate genes with likely functional significance in T1D were identified. Genes showing differential expression in the two approaches were highly similar, supporting the role of these specific gene products in cytokine-induced beta-cell damage. These were genes involved in cytokine signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, defense responses and apoptosis. The analyses, furthermore, revealed several transcription factor binding sites shared by the differentially expressed genes and by genes demonstrating highly similar expression profiles with these genes. Comparable findings in the rat beta-cell line and human islets support the validity of the methods used and support this as a valuable approach for gene mapping and identification of genes with potential functional significance in T1D, within a region of linkage.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Susanne Munch and Bodil Bosmann Jørgensen for excellent technical expertise. Support from the Foundation of 17-12-1981, the Sehested-Hansen Foundation, the Danish Diabetes Association, the AP Moller Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science, the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (Type 1 Diabetes Research Grant), the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (RFA DK-99-002) as well as the Danish Medical Research Council is greatly acknowledged.

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Correspondence to F Pociot.

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Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on Genes and Immunity website (http://www.nature.com/gene)

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Bergholdt, R., Karlsen, A., Hagedorn, P. et al. Transcriptional profiling of type 1 diabetes genes on chromosome 21 in a rat beta-cell line and human pancreatic islets. Genes Immun 8, 232–238 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6364379

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