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EMBO reports 9, 1, 42–49 (2008)
doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401126
Multiple pathways for sorting mitochondrial precursor proteins
Natalia Bolender1, 2, Albert Sickmann3, Richard Wagner4, Chris Meisinger1 & Nikolaus Pfanner1
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1 Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Zentrum für Biochemie und Molekulare Zellforschung, Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
2 Fakultt für Biologie, Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
3 Rudolf-Virchow-Center/DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Universität Würzburg, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany
4 Biophysik Universität Osnabrück, FB Biologie/Chemie, D-49034 Osnabrück, Germany
To whom correspondence should be addressed
Nikolaus Pfanner Tel: +49 761 203 5224; Fax: +49 761 203 5261;
nikolaus.pfanner@biochemie.uni-freiburg.de
Received 15 August 2007; Accepted 18 October 2007.
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Abstract
Mitochondria import hundreds of different precursor proteins from the cytosol. More than 50% of mitochondrial proteins do not use the classical import pathway that is guided by amino-terminal presequences, but instead contain different types of internal targeting signals. Recent studies have revealed an unexpected complexity of the mitochondrial protein import machinery and have led to the discovery of new transport pathways. Here, we review the versatility of mitochondrial protein import and its connection to mitochondrial morphology, redox regulation and energetics.
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