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EMBO reports 8, 11, 1080–1085 (2007)
doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401082
AOP Published online: 5 October 2007
Tel1 kinase and subtelomere-bound Tbf1 mediate preferential elongation of short telomeres by telomerase in yeast
Milica Arneri & Joachim Lingner
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Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and NCCR Program 'Frontiers in Genetics', Epalinges s/Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland
To whom correspondence should be addressed
Joachim Lingner Tel: +41 21 692 5912; Fax: +41 21 652 6933; E-mail: joachim.lingner@isrec.ch
Received 10 April 2007; Accepted 20 August 2007; Published online 5 October 2007.
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Abstract
Telomerase enables telomere length homeostasis, exhibiting increasing preference for telomeres as their lengths decline. This regulation involves telomere repeat-bound Rap1, which provides a length-dependent negative feedback mechanism, and the Tel1 and Mec1 kinases, which are positive regulators of telomere length. By analysing telomere elongation of wild-type chromosome ends at single-molecule resolution, we show that in tel1 cells the overall frequency of elongation decreases considerably, explaining their short telomere phenotype. At an artificial telomere lacking a subtelomeric region, telomere elongation no longer increases with telomere shortening in tel1 cells. By contrast, a natural telomere, containing subtelomeric sequence, retains a preference for the elongation of short telomeres. Tethering of the subtelomere binding protein Tbf1 to the artificial telomere in tel1 cells restored preferential telomerase action at short telomeres; thus, Tbf1 might function in parallel to Tel1, which has a crucial role in a TG-repeat-controlled pathway for the activation of telomerase at short telomeres.
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