Article
- The EMBO Journal (2009) 28, 877 - 888
- doi:10.1038/emboj.2009.34
Published online: 19 February 2009
Subject Categories:
Active promoters and insulators are marked by the centrosomal protein 190
Marek Bartkuhn1, Tobias Straub2, Martin Herold1, Mareike Herrmann1, Christina Rathke3, Harald Saumweber4, Gregor D Gilfillan5, Peter B Becker2 and Rainer Renkawitz1
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Adolf-Butenandt Institut, Molekularbiologie and Centre for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig Maximilian Universität, Munich, Germany
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Fachbereich Biologie, Entwicklungsbiologie, Marburg, Germany
- Cytogenetics Division, Institute of Biology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
- Medisinsk Genetikk, Ullevål Universitetssykehus, Oslo, Norway
Correspondence to:
Marek Bartkuhn, Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58-62, Giessen 35392, Germany. Tel.: +49 641 354 79; Fax: +49 641 354 69; E-mail: marek.bartkuhn@gen.bio.uni-giessen.de
Received 10 September 2008; Accepted 23 January 2009
Abstract
For the compact Drosophila genome, several factors mediating insulator function, such as su(Hw) and dCTCF, have been identified. Recent analyses showed that both these insulator-binding factors are functionally dependent on the same cofactor, CP190. Here we analysed genome-wide binding of CP190 and dCTCF. CP190 binding was detected at CTCF, su(Hw) and GAF sites and unexpectedly at the transcriptional start sites of actively transcribed genes. Both insulator and transcription start site CP190-binding elements are strictly marked by a depletion of histone H3 and, therefore, a loss of nucleosome occupancy. In addition, CP190/dCTCF double occupancy was seen at the borders of many H3K27me3 'islands'. As before, these sites were also depleted of H3. Loss of either dCTCF or CP190 causes an increase of H3 and H3K27 trimethylation at these sites. Thus, for both types of cis-regulatory elements, domain borders and promoters, the chromatin structure is dependent on CP190.
Keywords:
- chromatin domains,
- chromatin insulation,
- CP190,
- CTCF,
- transcription
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