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| Subject Categories: Structural Biology |
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| The EMBO Journal
(2007) 26, 2411–2420, doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601649 Published online 5 April 2007 |
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| DNA damage recognition and repair by 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase I (TAG) |
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| Audrey H Metz1, Thomas Hollis2 and Brandt F Eichman1 |
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1 Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 2 Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA To whom correspondence should be addressed Brandt F Eichman, Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Box 351634, Station B, U5221 MRBIII, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. Tel.: +1 615 936 5233; Fax: +1 615 936 2211; E-mail: brandt.eichman@vanderbilt.edu Received 12 January 2007; Accepted 21 February 2007; Published online 5 April 2007. |
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| Abstract |
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| DNA glycosylases help maintain the genome by excising chemically modified bases from DNA. Escherichia coli 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase I (TAG) specifically catalyzes the removal of the cytotoxic lesion 3-methyladenine (3mA). The molecular basis for the enzymatic recognition and removal of 3mA from DNA is currently a matter of speculation, in part owing to the lack of a structure of a 3mA-specific glycosylase bound to damaged DNA. Here, high-resolution crystal structures of Salmonella typhi TAG in the unliganded form and in a ternary product complex with abasic DNA and 3mA nucleobase are presented. Despite its structural similarity to the helix–hairpin–helix superfamily of DNA glycosylases, TAG has evolved a modified strategy for engaging damaged DNA. In contrast to other glycosylase-DNA structures, the abasic ribose is not flipped into the TAG active site. This is the first structural demonstration that conformational relaxation must occur in the DNA upon base hydrolysis. Together with mutational studies of TAG enzymatic activity, these data provide a model for the specific recognition and hydrolysis of 3mA from DNA. |
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| Keywords: base excision, DNA repair, glycosylase, helix–hairpin–helix, 3-methyladenine |
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