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Figure 1
Intracellular immune sensors of microbial structures in plants and animals. Graphic representation of the tripartite modular structure of human NLRs, the apoptotic regulators human Apaf-1 and C. elegans CED-4, and R proteins. NB and ATPase activity is mediated by the central NB-ARC domain. The C-terminal LRRs are believed to sense, directly or indirectly, microbe-derived ligands. Structurally diverse N-terminal effector domains include the CARD, PYR, BIR, TIR, CC, and BEAF and BED. A WRKY DNA-binding domain is located at the C-terminus of RRS1. AD, activation domain.
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