Article
- The EMBO Journal (2006) 25, 502 - 511
- doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600958
Published online: 26 January 2006
Subject Categories:
Global and gene-specific analyses show distinct roles for Myod and Myog at a common set of promoters
Yi Cao1,a, Roshan M Kumar2,a, Bennett H Penn1, Charlotte A Berkes1, Charles Kooperberg1, Laurie A Boyer2, Richard A Young2,3,4 and Stephen J Tapscott1
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
Correspondence to:
Richard A Young, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, MA 02493, USA. E-mail: young@wi.mit.edu
Stephen J Tapscott, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Mailstop C3-168, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. Tel.: +1 206 667 4499; Fax: +1 206 667 6524; E-mail: stapscot@fhcrc.org
aThese authors contributed equally to this work
Received 19 October 2005; Accepted 21 December 2005
Abstract
We used a combination of genome-wide and promoter-specific DNA binding and expression analyses to assess the functional roles of Myod and Myog in regulating the program of skeletal muscle gene expression. Our findings indicate that Myod and Myog have distinct regulatory roles at a similar set of target genes. At genes expressed throughout the program of myogenic differentiation, Myod can bind and recruit histone acetyltransferases. At early targets, Myod is sufficient for near full expression, whereas, at late expressed genes, Myod initiates regional histone modification but is not sufficient for gene expression. At these late genes, Myog does not bind efficiently without Myod; however, transcriptional activation requires the combined activity of Myod and Myog. Therefore, the role of Myog in mediating terminal differentiation is, in part, to enhance expression of a subset of genes previously initiated by Myod.
Keywords:
- muscle differentiation,
- Myod,
- Myogenin,
- regulatory network
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