1. ¹Institute of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
2. ²Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
3. ³Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
4. ⁴Swegene Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facilities, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
5. ⁵Department of Pediatrics, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
6. ⁶The Nordic School of Public Health, Göteborg, Sweden
7. ⁷Department of Pediatrics, Buskerud Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
8. ⁸Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
9. ⁹Institute of Immunology, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Oslo, Norway

Correspondence: S Svanstrøm Amundsen, Institute of Immunology, University of Oslo, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Centre, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo, Norway. Tel: +47 23073500; Fax: +47 23073510; E-mail: s.s.amundsen@medisin.uio.no

Received 1 March 2007; Revised 24 April 2007; Accepted 9 May 2007; Published online 6 June 2007.

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is a gluten-induced enteropathy, which results from the interplay between environmental and genetic factors. There is a strong human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association with the disease, and HLA-DQ alleles represent a major genetic risk factor. In addition to HLA-DQ, non-HLA genes appear to be crucial for CD development. Chromosomal region 5q31–33 has demonstrated linkage with CD in several genome-wide studies, including in our Swedish/Norwegian cohort. In a European meta-analysis 5q31–33 was the only region that reached a genome-wide level of significance except for the HLA region. To identify the genetic variant(s) responsible for this linkage signal, we performed a comprehensive single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association screen in 97 Swedish/Norwegian multiplex families who demonstrate linkage to the region. We selected tag SNPs from a 16 Mb region representing the 95% confidence interval of the linkage peak. A total of 1404 SNPs were used for the association analysis. We identified several regions with SNPs demonstrating moderate single- or multipoint associations. However, the isolated association signals appeared insufficient to account for the linkage signal seen in our cohort. Collective effects of multiple risk genes within the region, incomplete genetic coverage or effects related to copy number variation are possible explanations for our findings.