Original Article
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2008) 62, 526–536; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602743; published online 28 March 2007
Feasibility of a low-fat/high-fiber diet intervention with soy supplementation in prostate cancer patients after prostatectomy
Guarantor: D Heber.
Contributors: DH and WJA were involved in the protocol, study design, critical review of the article. ZL and KH participated in conduct the study, data analysis and writing of the article. JRA did the cell culture assay. WL and RE did the statistical analysis and critically reviewed the article. SMH performed biomarker assays and critical review of the article. GT and JMA participated in the study and reviewed the manuscript.
Z Li1,2, W J Aronson2,3, J R Arteaga1, K Hong1, G Thames1, S M Henning1, W Liu4, R Elashoff4, J M Ashley5 and D Heber1
- 1Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- 2VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- 3Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- 4Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- 5University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
Correspondence: Dr Z Li, UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, 900 Veteran Avenue Room 12-217, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1742, USA. E-mail: zli@mednet.ucla.edu
Received 26 April 2006; Revised 20 December 2006; Accepted 19 February 2007; Published online 28 March 2007.
Abstract
Objectives:
To evaluate the feasibility and long-term compliance with a low-fat diet supplemented with soy protein in men at increased risk for recurrence after radical prostatectomy.
Design:
Randomized, control study.
Setting:
Academic center in USA.
Subject:
Forty men who had undergone radical prostatectomy and were at increased risk for recurrence.
Intervention:
Low-fat (15% fat), high-fiber (18 g/1000 kcal) diet supplemented with 40 g soy protein isolate (n=26) was compared to USDA recommended diet (n=14).
Results:
Over 4 years, subjects in the intervention group but not in the control group made and sustained significant changes in their diet as measured by the dietary assessment instruments and urinary isoflavone excretion. In the intervention group, dietary fat intake was reduced from 33.46
1.27% energy/day to 21.041.74% (P<0.05), fiber intake increased from 14.61.06 to 21.052.29 g/day. The insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level was decreased from 260.48.6 ng/ml at baseline to 220.57.9 ng/ml at 6 months (P<0.05) in the intervention group with no significant change in the control group. An ex vivo assay demonstrated inhibition of LNCaP cell growth (-20.07.7%, P<0.05) by sera from patients in the intervention group after 6 months of dietary change compared to baseline.
Conclusion:
These data suggest that long-term low-fat dietary interventions as part of prospective randomized trials in prostate cancer survivors are feasible, and lead to reductions in circulating hormones or other growth factors stimulating prostate cancer growth ex vivo.
Keywords:
prostate cancer, low fat diet, soy supplement, high fiber
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