Original Article

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2008) 62, 111–118; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602683; published online 14 February 2007

Misreporting of dietary energy, protein, potassium and sodium in relation to body mass index in young Japanese women

Guarantor: S Sasaki.

Contributors: KM contributed to the concept and design of the study, the study protocol, data collection and management; and coordinated the field work, formulated the hypothesis, analyzed and interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript. SS was responsible for the concept and design of the study, the study protocol, data collection and management; and interpreted the results and contributed to the writing and editing of the manuscript. YT contributed to the writing and editing of the manuscript. KU contributed to the concept and design of the study, the study protocol, and data collection. MY, HH, TG, JO, KB, KO, TK, RW, and YS contributed to data collection. All authors contributed to the final version of the manuscript.

K Murakami1, S Sasaki1, Y Takahashi1, K Uenishi2, M Yamasaki3, H Hayabuchi4, T Goda5, J Oka6, K Baba7, K Ohki8, T Kohri9, R Watanabe10 and Y Sugiyama11

  1. 1Nutritional Epidemiology Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
  2. 2Laboratory of Physiological Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
  3. 3Department of Health and Nutrition Science, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare Science, Nishikyushu University, Saga, Japan
  4. 4Department of Human Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan
  5. 5Department of Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences and COE21, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
  6. 6Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan
  7. 7Department of Nutrition, Mie Chukyo University Junior College, Matsusaka, Japan
  8. 8Graduate School of Science for Living System, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
  9. 9Department of Nutritional Sciences, Otemae College of Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
  10. 10Course of Food and Nutrition, Department of Human Life Environments, Niigata Women's College, Niigata, Japan
  11. 11Department of Nutrition Management, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Minamikyushu University, Miyazaki, Japan

Correspondence: Dr S Sasaki, Nutritional Epidemiology Program, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan. E-mail: stssasak@nih.go.jp

Received 3 July 2006; Revised 9 January 2007; Accepted 9 January 2007; Published online 14 February 2007.

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Abstract

Objective:

 

Although under-reporting of dietary intake is more common in persons with a high body mass index (BMI), it is not well known whether or not misreporting is selective for different foods (and hence energy and nutrients), particularly in non-Western populations. We examined misreporting of dietary intake against biomarkers and its relation with BMI in young Japanese women.

Design:

 

Cross-sectional study.

Subjects:

 

A total of 353 female Japanese dietetic students aged 18–22 years (mean BMI: 21.4 kg/m2, mean fat intake: 29.8% of energy).

Methods:

 

Misreporting of dietary energy, protein, potassium and sodium (assessed by a self-administered diet history questionnaire) was examined against respective biomarkers (estimated energy expenditure and 24-h urinary excretion). Reporting accuracy was calculated as the ratio of reported intake to that estimated from corresponding biomarkers (complete accuracy: 1.00).

Results:

 

Mean reporting accuracy of absolute intake (amount per day) varied considerably (0.86–1.14). Reporting accuracy of absolute intake decreased with increasing BMI (P for trend <0.001). However, no association was observed between reporting accuracy of energy-adjusted values and BMI (P for trend >0.15), indicating that BMI-dependent misreporting was canceled by energy adjustment. This was owing to positive correlation between the reporting accuracy of energy intake and that of absolute intake of the three nutrients (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.49–0.67, P<0.0001).

Conclusions:

 

Although differential misreporting of absolute intake was associated with BMI, differential misreporting of energy-adjusted value was not. These findings support the use of energy-adjusted values in the investigation of diet–disease relationships among lean populations with a low-fat intake.

Keywords:

energy, protein, potassium, sodium, misreporting, body mass index

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