Original Article

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2007) 61, 334–341. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602525; published online 20 September 2006

Arabinoxylan consumption decreases postprandial serum glucose, serum insulin and plasma total ghrelin response in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

Guarantor: C Koebnick.

Contributors: ALG, BO and CK were responsible for data analysis and writing of the manuscript. H-JFZ, FM and AHFP were responsible for the study design. SCR, AM and JS were involved in the collection and the analysis of the data. MOW, MM and NNR had an advisory function and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. BO, JD, NK and MS were responsible for laboratory analysis. All authors contributed to the manuscript. The authors do not have any financial or personal conflicts of interest.

A L Garcia1, B Otto2, S-C Reich1, M O Weickert3,7, J Steiniger1, A Machowetz1, N N Rudovich3, M Möhlig3,7, N Katz4, M Speth4, F Meuser5, J Doerfer5, H-J F Zunft1, A H F Pfeiffer3,7 and C Koebnick1,6

  1. 1Dietary Fibre and the Metabolic Syndrome Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
  2. 2Medical Department-Innenstadt, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
  3. 3Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
  4. 4Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  5. 5Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
  6. 6Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
  7. 7Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charite-University-Medicine CBF, Berlin, Germany

Correspondence: Dr C Koebnick, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, Room 210, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. E-mail: koebnick@usc.edu.de

Received 14 December 2005; Revised 20 June 2006; Accepted 6 July 2006; Published online 20 September 2006.

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Abstract

Objective:

 

Arabinoxylan (AX) consumption is associated with metabolic improvement during diabetes and with modulation of ghrelin, an orexigenic gut hormone. The effect of AX consumption on ghrelin secretion in disturbed metabolic states is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the postprandial responses to AX consumption of serum glucose, insulin and triglycerides and plasma total and acylated ghrelin in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Design:

 

Randomized, single-blind, controlled, crossover intervention trial.

Subjects:

 

Seven female and four male adults with IGT, aged 55.5 years, and body mass index (BMI) 30.1 kg/m2.

Intervention:

 

Subjects received either placebo or 15 g AX supplement for 6 weeks with a 6-week washout period in-between.

Main outcome measurements:

 

Postprandial responses of serum glucose, insulin and triglycerides, and plasma total and acylated ghrelin after a liquid meal challenge test (LMCT) measured at the beginning and at the end of the dietary intervention at -20, -5, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 min.

Results:

 

After LMCT, AX consumption resulted in lower postprandial responses in serum glucose, insulin and triglycerides (P<0.05). Compared to placebo, total plasma ghrelin was also reduced by 42plusminus8 pg/ml (P<0.001) after AX consumption with no difference in plasma acylated ghrelin.

Conclusion:

 

AX consumption improved postprandial metabolic responses after an LMCT in subjects with IGT and reduced total ghrelin response. However, acylated ghrelin responses were unchanged, suggesting that the acylated ghrelin-mediated orexigenic regulation is not improved as only total plasma ghrelin decreased.

Sponsorship:

 

Federal Ministry of Education and Research Germany (PTJ-BIO/0313042C).

Keywords:

ghrelin, impaired glucose tolerance, soluble dietary fibre

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