Original Article
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006) 60, 770–777. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602381; published online 8 February 2006
Dietary patterns and risk of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction in Costa Rican adults
Guarantor: H Campos.
Contributors: JAMO conceived and planned the study, performed the statistical analysis, and wrote the manuscript. JAMO, TTF, AB, FBH, and HC participated in the data analysis, interpretation and critical revision of the manuscript. HC designed, conducted, and supervised the project.
J A Martínez-Ortiz1, T T Fung2, A Baylin2, F B Hu2 and H Campos2,3
- 1Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
- 2Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- 3Centro Centroamericano de Población, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
Correspondence: Dr H Campos, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Bldg 1, Room 201, Boston, MA 02115, USA. E-mail: hcampos@hsph.harvard.edu
Received 22 April 2005; Revised 3 November 2005; Accepted 15 November 2005; Published online 8 February 2006.
Abstract
Objective:
To investigate the association between dietary patterns and risk of a first nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (MI) in Costa Rican adults.
Design:
Population-based case–control study.
Subjects:
A total of 496 incident MI cases and 518 population-based randomly selected controls matched to the cases by age (
5 years), gender, and county of residence. Subjects were interviewed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained using multivariate conditional logistic regression adjusted for several recognized risk factors for MI.
Results:
Two diet patterns were identified, 'vegetable' characterized by increased intake of vegetables and fruits, and 'staple', characterized by an increased use of palm oil for cooking, and intake of refined grains (mostly white rice and white bread), legumes, coffee, added sugar, and red meat. Compared to the lowest quintile of the staple diet pattern, the highest quintile was associated with an increased risk of MI (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 2.30–5.97). Adjusting for potential confounders did not change the results (OR: 3.53, 95% CI: 1.98–6.31). Consistently, an increasing staple pattern score was associated with lower HDL cholesterol (P for trend <0.02) and 
-linolenic acid in adipose tissue (P for trend <0.0001). The vegetable pattern was not associated with MI.
Conclusions:
The staple dietary pattern of Costa Rican adults is associated with low plasma HDL cholesterol, low -linolenic acid in adipose tissue, and increased risk of MI.
Sponsorship:
This study was funded by grants HL 60692 and HL 49086 from the US National Institutes of Health.
Keywords:
coronary heart disease, dietary pattern, epidemiology, international nutrition, nutrition transition
MORE ARTICLES LIKE THIS
These links to content published by NPG are automatically generated
RESEARCH
Components of variation in serum carotenoid concentrations: the Polyp Prevention Trial
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Original Article
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Original Article
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Original Article
Consumption of trans fats and estimated effects on coronary heart disease in Iran
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Original Article
Consumption of trans fats and estimated effects on coronary heart disease in Iran
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Original Article
