Original Article
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006) 60, 305–311. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602314; published online 19 October 2005
Risk factors for dietary variety decline among Japanese elderly in a rural community: a 8-year follow-up study from TMIG-LISA
Guarantor: J Kwon.
Contributors: JK was responsible for the design of this study, performed the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. TS, SK, SS and HY contributed to the design and conduct of the TMIG-LISA. TS and SK contributed to the data analysis, interpretation of the data, and writing of the manuscript.
J Kwon1, T Suzuki1, S Kumagai2, S Shinkai3 and H Yukawa4
- 1Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- 2Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Human Arts and Sciences, Saitama, Japan
- 3Community Health Research Group, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- 4Department of Home Economics, Kokugakuin Tochigi Junior College, Tochigi, Japan
Correspondence: Dr J Kwon, Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan. E-mail: kwonjh@tmig.or.jp
Received 1 February 2005; Revised 24 August 2005; Accepted 1 September 2005; Published online 19 October 2005.
Abstract
Objective:
To examine the factors related to the decline of dietary variety among the rural community-dwelling Japanese elderly people and the implication on the planning of elderly people's nutritional improvement program in the future.
Design:
A prospective cohort study during 8-year follow-up from 1992 to 2000.
Setting:
This study was conducted in Nangai Village, a rural and mainly agricultural area of Akita Prefecture in the northern part of Honshu, one of four main islands in Japan.
Subjects:
A total of 417 elderly people (160 men, 257 women) who completed interviews and food intake frequency surveys conducted in 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, and 2000 were studied.
Methods:
Dietary variety and variables potentially associated with dietary variety decline were identified from a face-to-face interview at the baseline and 8-year follow-up surveys. The dietary variety was measured using the dietary variety score (DVS), which covers the 10 main food groups in Japanese meals.
Results:
During the 8-year follow-up, 36.2% of the subjects showed a decline in dietary variety. Health characteristics also change among the 8-year follow-up and these changes have an effect on the decline of dietary variety. Significant predictors for decline in dietary variety included loss of spouse, deterioration in self-perceived chewing ability, and decrease in intellectual activity score.
Conclusions:
Loss of spouse, deterioration in chewing ability, and decline in intellectual activity may increase the risk of decline in dietary variety in community-dwelling Japanese elderly people.
Keywords:
longitudinal study, dietary variety decline, dietary variety score, community-dwelling elderly people, Japan
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