Original Article
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006) 60, 77–84. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602270 published online 24 August 2005
Effect of high-fat meals and fatty acid saturation on postprandial levels of the hormones ghrelin and leptin in healthy men
Guarantor: SD Poppitt.
Contributors: SDP—Principal investigator, Senior author. Protocol design, Subject supervision, Phlebotomy, Fund raiser; FEL—Trial Manager (laboratory and data handling): Laboratory management, Data entry & cleaning. Statistical liason; GFK—Trial Manager (subjects). Protocol design, Subject recruitment, Subject screening, Subject trial supervision, Diet design, Phlebotomy, Sample collection and storage; YW—Senior laboratory analyst. ELISA—Leptin; TBM—Laboratory analyst; MS—Senior laboratory analyst. RIA—Ghrelin; YKC— PhD student. Laboratory analyses; YSC—Senior laboratory analyst. RIA—Insulin; BHM—Biostatistician; GJSC—Head of group. Protocol design, Medical supervision, Fund raiser.
S D Poppitt1,2,3, F E Leahy1,2, G F Keogh1,2, Y Wang2, T B Mulvey2, M Stojkovic2, Y K Chan1,2, Y S Choong2, B H McArdle4 and G J S Cooper2,3
- 1Human Nutrition & Metabolic Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- 3Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- 4Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Correspondence: Dr SD Poppitt, Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, 18 Carrick Place, Mount Eden, Auckland, New Zealand. E-mail: s.poppitt@ auckland.ac.nz
Received 14 April 2005; Revised 26 June 2005; Accepted 12 July 2005; Published online 24 August 2005.
Abstract
Objective:
Ghrelin and leptin play a role in control of food intake and adiposity but mechanisms regulating these hormones in man are poorly defined and evidence that dietary fats may have adverse effects is inconclusive. We investigated whether high-fat meals, which differed in saturated fatty acid (SFA) content acutely modified these hormones.
Design:
Randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. A high-fat (HF) test meal (59
4 g fat; 71% of energy as fat) was given for breakfast on two occasions. Meals comprised either high (
70:30) or low (55:45) saturated:unsaturated fatty acid (SFA:USFA) ratio. Fasting and postprandial measurements of serum total ghrelin (RIA), leptin (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) and insulin (RIA) were made over 6 h. Postprandial measurements were also made at 10 and 24 h following a fat-exclusion lunch, snack and dinner.
Subjects:
A total of 18 lean, healthy men.
Results:
There was no significant effect of the fatty meal (time, P>0.05), nor a differential effect of SFA:USFA ratio (treatment
time, P>0.05) on ghrelin over 6 h. Leptin decreased in response to both HF treatments (time, P<0.001) but increased SFA content did not further inhibit hormone secretion (treatmenttime, P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between ghrelin or leptin and circulating insulin (P>0.05).
Conclusion:
We conclude that HF diets may adversely effect serum leptin, although the circadian decrease may account in part for this response. Increasing dietary SFAs had no deleterious effects on leptin or total ghrelin.
Keywords:
postprandial, high-fat, saturated fatty acids, leptin, ghrelin, lean men
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