Original Communication
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2005) 59, 441–448. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602094 Published online 12 January 2005
Food consumption and the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus
Guarantor: P Knekt and J Montonen.
Contributors: JM participated in the study concept and design, performed data analysis and drafted the manuscript. RJ prepared the dietary data, supervised dietary issues and was closely involved in the interpretation of the results and in the editing of the manuscript. MH was involved with the interpretation of the results and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. AR participated in the study concept and design and in critical revision of the manuscript. AA was involved in the evaluation of the data and provided administrative, technical and material support. PK coordinated and supervised the conducting of the study and was closely involved with the interpretation of the results as well as in drafting of the manuscript.
J Montonen1, R Järvinen2, M Heliövaara1, A Reunanen1, A Aromaa1 and P Knekt1,3
- 1National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- 2University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
- 3Social Insurance Institution, Helsinki and Turku, Finland
Correspondence: J Montonen, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: jukka.montonen@ktl.fi
Received 11 July 2004; Revised 4 October 2004; Accepted 11 October 2004; Published online 12 January 2005.
Abstract
Objective:
The consumption of different foods was studied for their ability to predict type II diabetes mellitus.
Design:
The study design was a cohort study, based on the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey.
Setting:
A total of 30 communities from different parts of Finland.
Subjects:
A total of 4304 men and women, 40–69 y of age and free of diabetes at baseline in 1967–1972 and followed up for incidence of diabetes medication during 23 y (383 incident cases).
Results:
Higher intakes of green vegetables, fruit and berries, oil and margarine, and poultry were found to predict a reduced risk of type II diabetes. The relative risks of developing type II diabetes between the extreme quartiles of the intakes were 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.50–0.93; P for trend (P)=0.02) for green vegetables, 0.69 (CI=0.51–0.92; P=0.03) for fruit and berries, 0.71 (CI=0.52–0.98; P=0.01) for margarine and oil, and 0.71 (CI=0.54–0.94; P=0.01) for poultry.
Conclusion:
The results suggest that prevention of type II diabetes might be aided by consumption of certain foods that are rich in nutrients with hypothesized health benefits.
Keywords:
diet, food habits, fruit, vegetables, diabetes, noninsulin-dependent, prospective-studies
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