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Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 59, pages 1347–1361 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Oligodendrocyte damage and subsequent axonal demyelination is a hallmark of this disease. Different pathomechanisms, for example, immune-mediated inflammation, oxidative stress and excitotoxicity, are involved in the immunopathology of MS. The risk of developing MS is associated with increased dietary intake of saturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and antioxidant deficiencies along with decreased cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms have been observed in MS patients. Furthermore, antioxidant and PUFA treatment in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS, decreased the clinical signs of disease. Low-molecular-weight antioxidants may support cellular antioxidant defences in various ways, including radical scavenging, interfering with gene transcription, protein expression, enzyme activity and by metal chelation. PUFAs may not only exert immunosuppressive actions through their incorporation in immune cells but also may affect cell function within the CNS. Both dietary antioxidants and PUFAs have the potential to diminish disease symptoms by targeting specific pathomechanisms and supporting recovery in MS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Research, Numico Research BV, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    M E van Meeteren & E A F van Tol

  2. Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    C E Teunissen & C D Dijkstra

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  1. M E van Meeteren
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  2. C E Teunissen
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  3. C D Dijkstra
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  4. E A F van Tol
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Correspondence to E A F van Tol.

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Contributors: MEvM initiated this study together with CD and EvT. The paper was written by MEvM with contributions from CD, CT and EvT. CD contributed with her expertise on immunopathology and experimental models of MS. EvT is responsible for an experimental research programme in clinical nutrition and contributed his expertise on antioxidants and PUFAs. CT contributed her expertise on experimental research in MS in particular on cholesterol and statins in neuropathological processes. All authors substantially contributed to and approved the manuscript.

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van Meeteren, M., Teunissen, C., Dijkstra, C. et al. Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Clin Nutr 59, 1347–1361 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602255

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