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Mild dehydration, vasopressin and the kidney: animal and human studies

Abstract

Water balance depends essentially on fluid intake and urine excretion. Mild dehydration and the consequent hypertonicity of the extracellular fluid induce an increase in vasopressin secretion, thus stimulating urine concentrating processes and the feeling of thirst. The osmotic threshold for the release of vasopressin is lower than that for thirst and also shows appreciable individual variation. Sustained high levels of vasopressin and low hydration induce morphological and functional changes in the kidney. However, they could also be risk factors in several renal disorders, such as chronic renal failure, diabetic nephropathy and salt-sensitive hypertension.

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Acknowledgements

We thank L Bankir for fruitful scientific discussions, and Carole Nicco and Pascale Bardoux, PhD students, who performed some of the work reported in this paper.

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Guarantor: N Bouby

Contributors: NB was primarily responsible for the writing of the paper. SF took part in the acquisition of some experimental data and preparation of the paper.

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Correspondence to N Bouby.

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Bouby, N., Fernandes, S. Mild dehydration, vasopressin and the kidney: animal and human studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 57 (Suppl 2), S39–S46 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601900

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