1. ¹Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
2. ²Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Correspondence: Dr R Luna, Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico 58190. E-mail: rluna@oikos.unam.mx

Received 12 April 2006; Revised 13 April 2007; Accepted 28 May 2007; Published online 18 July 2007.

Abstract

We characterized the population genetics of two Neotropical dioecious palm species of Chamaedorea with contrasting life strategies from the region that is both the northernmost extent and most species rich of the genus. Chamaedorea tepejilote is a common, wind-pollinated arboreal understory palm. Although most adult plants reproduce each year, only a few individuals produce the majority of flowers and seeds. Chamaedorea elatior, conversely, is an uncommon climbing subcanopy palm with entomophilous flowers (insect-pollinated characteristics). Most of the mature palms do not reproduce in consecutive years and fruiting is episodic. Isozymes with a total of 107 alleles for 27 loci of 17 enzymes from six populations were assessed. For both species, co-occurrence of high levels of genetic variation and homozygosity was observed (C. tepejilote: He: 0.385–0.442, f: 0.431–0.486; C. elatior: He: 0.278–0.342, f: 0.466–0.535). Genetic differentiation of C. elatior was much lower (=0.0315) than that for C. tepejilote (=0.152). The contrast in differentiation may be influenced by differences in the spatial scale of the genetic neighborhoods of the two species. The simultaneous maintenance of inbreeding and of a large number of alleles within the populations is attributable to the low and variable number of mating pairs. Demographic studies indicate that this pattern could be explained by low reproductive frequency among individuals and over years in C. elatior and by reproductive dominance in C. tepejilote.