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Small fraction of marine cloud condensation nuclei made up of sea spray aerosol

Nature Geoscience volume 10, pages 674–679 (2017)Cite this article

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Abstract

Sea spray aerosols impact Earth’s radiation balance by directly scattering solar radiation. They also act as cloud condensation nuclei, thereby altering cloud properties including reflectivity, lifetime and extent. The influence of sea spray aerosol on cloud properties is thought to be particularly strong over remote ocean regions devoid of continental particles. Yet the contribution of sea spray aerosol to the population of cloud condensation nuclei in the marine boundary layer remains poorly understood. Here, using a lognormal-mode-fitting procedure, we isolate sea spray aerosols from measurements of particle size and abundance over the Pacific, Southern, Arctic and Atlantic oceans to determine the contribution of sea spray aerosol to the population of cloud condensation nuclei in the marine boundary layer. On a global basis, with the exception of the high southern latitudes, sea spray aerosol makes a contribution of less than 30% to the cloud condensation nuclei population for air that is supersaturated at 0.1 to 1.0%—the supersaturation range typical of marine boundary layer clouds. Instead, the cloud condensation nuclei population between 70° S and 80° N is composed primarily of non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols, due to large-scale meteorological features that result in entrainment of particles from the free troposphere.

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Figure 1: Cruise tracks and dates of the seven experiments included in this analysis.
Figure 2: Fitted lognormal modes based on number size distributions measured during ICEALOT.
Figure 3: Number fraction of the lognormally fitted Aitken, accumulation and SSA modes.
Figure 4: Calculated CCN modal number fraction as a function of supersaturation and latitude.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the NOAA Climate Program Office. We thank the captain and crew of all of the NOAA and UNOLS vessels that contributed to this work. This is PMEL contribution number 4622.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA

    P. K. Quinn, D. J. Coffman, J. E. Johnson, L. M. Upchurch & T. S. Bates

  2. University of Washington, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA

    P. K. Quinn, J. E. Johnson, L. M. Upchurch & T. S. Bates

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  1. P. K. Quinn
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Contributions

All authors contributed extensively to the work presented in this paper. P.K.Q. and T.S.B. designed and performed the experiments, analysed data and wrote the paper. D.J.C. and J.E.J. performed the experiments and analysed data. L.M.U. analysed data.

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Correspondence to P. K. Quinn.

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The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Quinn, P., Coffman, D., Johnson, J. et al. Small fraction of marine cloud condensation nuclei made up of sea spray aerosol. Nature Geosci 10, 674–679 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3003

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