Nature 333, 330 - 334 (26 May 1988); doi:10.1038/333330a0

Homologous plant and bacterial proteins chaperone oligomeric protein assembly

Sean M. Hemmingsen^*, Carol Woolford^†, Saskia M. van der Vies^‡, Kit Tilly^§, David T. Dennis, Costa P. Georgopoulos, Roger W. Hendrix^£ & R. John Ellis^‡

^*Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OW9, Canada
^†Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
^‡Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
^§Laboratory of Biochemistry, NCI-NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L3N6, Canada
^¶Department of Cellular, Viral, and Molecular Biology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
^£Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA

An abundant chloroplast protein is implicated in the assembly of the oligomeric enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, which catalyses photosynthetic CO₂-fixation in higher plants. The product of the Escherichia coli groEL gene is essential for cell viability and is required for the assembly of bacteriophage capsids. Sequencing of the groEL gene and the complementary cDNA encoding the chloroplast protein has revealed that these proteins are evolutionary homologues which we term 'chaperonins'. Chaperonins comprise a class of molecular chaperones that are found in chloroplasts, mitochondria and prokaryotes. Assisted post-translational assembly of oligomeric protein structures is emerging as a general cellular phenomenon.

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