Nature 366, 654 - 663 (16 December 1993); doi:10.1038/366654a0

The 2.2 Å crystal structure of transducin- complexed with GTPS

Joseph P. Noel^*, Heidi E. Hamm^†‡ & Paul B. Sigler^*§

^* Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, 295 Congress Avenue, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Room 154, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
^† Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60680, USA
^‡ Istituto di Fisiologia Generale e Chimica Biologica, Universita' di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
^§ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

The 2.2 Å crystal structure of activated rod transducin, G_t-GTPS, shows the bound GTPS molecule occluded deep in a cleft between a domain structurally homologous to small GTPases and a helical domain unique to heterotrimeric G proteins. The structure, when combined with biochemical and genetic studies, suggests: how an activated receptor might open this cleft to allow nucleotide exchange; a mechanism for GTP-induced changes in effector and receptor binding surfaces; and a mechanism for GTPase activity not evident from previous data.

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