Nature 362, 549 - 553 (08 April 1993); doi:10.1038/362549a0

Interaction between a transcriptional activator and transcription factor IIB in vivo

John Colgan, Sharon Wampler^* & James L. Manley

Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
^*Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA

TRANSCRIPTION of messenger RNA-encoding genes in vitro requires many protein factors^1,2. Transcription factor IID, possibly with the cooperation of TFIIA, binds to the TATA element of the promoter^3–5, forming a complex that can bind TFIIB (refs 6,7) followed by RNA polymerase II (refs 6,8) and other factors⁹. One or more of these steps is thought to be facilitated by gene-specific transcriptional activation proteins^10–12; this seems to require TFI ID-associated auxiliary factors^13–15 and may involve direct contact between the activator and TFIID^16,17 and/or TFIIB^18,19. If such contact is necessary in vivo, activation might conceivably be blocked by a TFIIB derivative containing the sequences necessary for this interaction, but lacking those necessary for binding to the rest of the transcriptional apparatus, an effect similar to that referred to as squelching²⁰ or transcriptional interference²¹. Here we show that the activity of the glutamine-rich fushi tarazu activation domain is indeed blocked by truncated TFIIB derivatives in Drosophila Schneider L2 cells, suggesting that it is mediated by interactions with TFIIB.

References

1.	Sawadogo, M. & Sentenac, A. A. Rev. Biochem. 59, 711−754 (1990). | Article | ChemPort |
2.	Zawel, L. & Reinberg, D. Progr. Nucl. Acids Res. molec. Biol. 44, 67−108 (1993). | ChemPort |
3.	Meisternerst, M. & Roeder, R. G. Cell 67, 557−567 (1991). | PubMed |
4.	Cortes, P., Flores, O. & Reinberg, D. Molec. cell. Biol. 12, 413−421 (1992). | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
5.	Ranish, J. A. & Hahn, S. J. biol. Chem. 266, 19320−19327 (1991). | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
6.	Buratowski, S., Hahn, S., Guarente, L. & Sharp, P. A. Cell 56, 549−561 (1989). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
7.	Ha, I., Lane, W. S. & Reinberg, D. Nature 352, 689−695 (1991). | Article | PubMed | ChemPort |
8.	Flores, O. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 9999−10003 (1991). | ChemPort |
9.	Flores, O., Lu, H. & Reinberg, D. J. biol. Chem. 267, 2786−2793 (1992). | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
10.	Mitchell, P. & Tjian, R. Science 245, 371−378 (1989). | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
11.	Johnson, P. F. & McKnight, S. L. A. Rev. Biochem. 58, 799−839 (1990).
12.	Greenblatt, J. Cell 66, 1067−1070 (1991). | Article | PubMed | ChemPort |
13.	Dynlacht, B. D., Hoey, T. & Tjian, R. Cell 66, 563−575 (1991). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
14.	Meisternerst, M., Roy, A. L., Lieu, H. M. & Roeder, R. G. Cell 66, 981−993 (1991). | PubMed |
15.	Tanese, N., Pugh, B. F. & Tjian R. Genes Dev. 5, 2212−2224 (1992).
16.	Stringer, K. F., Ingles, C. J. & Greenblatt, J. Nature 345, 783−786 (1990). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
17.	Ingles, C. J., Shales, M., Cress, W. D., Triezenberg, S. & Greenblatt, J. Nature 351, 588−590 (1991). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
18.	Lin, Y.-S. & Green, M. R. Cell 64, 971−981 (1991). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
19.	Lin, Y.-S. Ha, I., Maldonado, E., Reinberg, D. & Green, M. R. Nature 353, 569−571 (1991). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
20.	Gill, G. & Ptashne, M. Nature 334, 721−724 (1988). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
21.	Meyer, M.-E. et al. Cell 57, 433−442 (1989). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
22.	Yamashita, S. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 2839−2843 (1991).
23.	Wampler, S. L. & Kadanoga, J. T. Genes Dev. 6, 1542−1552 (1992). | PubMed | ChemPort |
24.	Field, J. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 8, 2159−2165 (1988). | PubMed | ChemPort |
25.	Niman, H. L. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 4949−4953 (1983). | ChemPort |
26.	Colgan, J. & Manley, J. L. Genes Dev. 6, 304−315 (1992). | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
27.	Pinto, I., Ware, D. E. & Hampsey, M. Cell 68, 977−988 (1992). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
28.	Keegan, L., Gill, G. & Ptashne, M. Science 231, 699−704 (1986). | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
29.	Han, K., Levine, M. S. & Manley, J. L. Cell 56, 573−583 (1989). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
30.	Fitzpatrick, V. D., Percival-Smith, A., Ingles, C. J. & Krause, H. M. Nature 356, 610−612 (1988).
31.	Sadowski, I., Ma, J., Triezenberg, S. & Ptashne, M. Nature 335, 563−564 (1988). | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |