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Review Article

Selectively replicating viral vectors

Cancer Gene Therapy volume 9, pages 987–1000 (2002)Cite this article

Standard methods of cancer treatment (surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy) offer no specificity to malignant tissue and have reached a plateau in effectiveness. Development of new therapeutic modalities, which target malignant cells directly based on their unique molecular makeup, is evolving as a novel trend in cancer treatment (i.e. Herceptin, Rituximab, and so forth). Within this context, the concept of conditional replicating viruses, which specifically replicate within malignant tissue, provides a unique opportunity not only as a cancer therapeutic in itself, but also as a tool to deliver cancer toxic genes in a selective manner following systemic administration.1,2,3,4

Initial evidence of oncolytic activity attributed to replicating viruses was actually provided by published case reports over time, which identified dramatic responses in cancer patients recovering from viral syndromes.5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 Based on these observations, viruses with low pathogenicity for normal tissue and high oncolytic capacity were selected for investigation.19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26 This review will focus on a discussion of replicating viruses, which have cancer-specific cytotoxic effect.

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Nemunaitis, J., Edelman, J. Selectively replicating viral vectors. Cancer Gene Ther 9, 987–1000 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.cgt.7700547

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