TABLE 1
FROM:
Preoperative computed tomography staging of nonmetastatic colon cancer predicts outcome: implications for clinical trials
N J Smith, N Bees, Y Barbachano, A R Norman, R I Swift and G Brown
BACK TO ARTICLETable 1. Definitions of TNM components in the 6th edition of the AJCC and UICC system for staging cancer of the colon and rectum, 2002 (Sobin and Wittekind, 2002)
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| TX | The primary tumour cannot be assessed |
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumour |
| Tis | Carcinoma in situ (intraepithelial or intramucosal carcinoma) |
| T1 | Tumour invades into the submucosa |
| T2 | Tumour invades into the muscularis propria |
| T3 | Tumour invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into nonperitonealised pericolic or perirectal tissues |
| Optional subdivision of T3 | |
| T3a | Minimal invasion: <1 mm beyond the border of the muscularis propria |
| T3b | Slight invasion: 1–5 mm beyond the border of the muscularis propria |
| T3c | Moderate invasion: >5–15 mm beyond the border of the muscularis propria |
| T3d | Extensive invasion: >15 mm beyond the border of the muscularis propria |
| T4 | Tumour directly invades into other organs or structures (T4a) or perforates the visceral peritoneum (T4b) |
| NX | Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed |
| N0 | No regional lymph node metastases |
| N1 | Metastatic tumour in 1–3 pericolic or perirectal lymph nodes |
| N2 | Metastatic tumour in four or more pericolic or perirectal lymph nodes |
| MX | The presence of distant metastasis cannot be assessed |
| M0 | No distant metastasis |
| M1 | Distant metastasis present |
