1. ¹Department of Physiology, Clinical Unit, Medical Faculty, University of Ioannina, 13, Solomou str., 452 21 Ioannina, Greece
2. ²Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
3. ³Department of Surgery, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals, Cambridgeshire, UK

Correspondence: Professor KA Charalabopoulos, E-mail: kcharala@cc.uoi.gr

Revised 12 June 2006; Accepted 3 July 2006; Published online 1 August 2006.

Abstract

Trace element selenium (Se) is regarded to be a breast cancer preventive factor involved in multiple protective pathways. In all, 80 women with breast cancer who underwent a radical mastectomy were enrolled in the study. Serum Se and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were measured using a fluorometric and IRMA assay, respectively. Se tissue concentration was determined by a tissue extracting fluorometric assay. For statistical analysis purposes t-test was used and P-values <0.001 were regarded as statistically significant. Serum Se was 42.57.5 g l^-1 in breast cancer patients and 67.65.36 g l^-1 in the age-matched control group of healthy individuals. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen in patients was 101.7 U ml^-1 (normal <2.5 U ml^-1 in nonsmokers/<3.5 U ml^-1 in smokers). A statistically significant difference was found for both serum Se and CEA between two groups studied (P<0.001). Neoplastic tissue Se concentration was 2660210 mg g^-1 tissue; its concentration in the adjacent non-neoplastic tissue was 680110 mg g^-1 tissue (P<0.001). An inverse relationship between Se and CEA serum levels was found in the two groups studied (r=-0.794). There was no correlation between serum/tissue Se concentration and stage of the disease. The decrease in serum Se concentration as well as its increased concentration in the neoplastic breast tissue is of great significance. These alterations may reflect part of the defence mechanisms against the carcinogenetic process.