Regular Article

British Journal of Cancer (1999) 80, 344–351. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6690361 www.bjcancer.com
Published online 9 April 1999

Transient absorption changes in vivo during photodynamic therapy with pulsed-laser light

B W Pogue1, T Momma1, H C Wu2 and T Hasan1

  1. 1Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
  2. 2Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA

Received 12 June 1998; Revised 4 November 1998; Accepted 9 November 1998.

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Abstract

High intensity pulsed-laser light can be used to excite absorbing molecules to transient states in large proportions. The laser-induced spectral changes can be characterized by transient changes in light propagation; through the tissue provided the excited states of these molecules have altered absorption spectra. Characterization of these transient changes may then be used to exploit new mechanisms in photosensitization and/or to optimize photobiological effects. In this study, transmittance and reflectance were measured as a function of laser pulse energy, from tissue-simulating media as well as in rat muscle and liver slices, both with and without the photosensitizer benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid (BPD-MA) present. There was a transient decrease in absorption from the photosensitizer at peak pulse irradiance in the range of 100–1000 W cm–2. The depth of photodynamic treatment-induced tissue necrosis was measured in a subcutaneous prostate cancer model in Copenhagen rats. A comparison between continuous wave irradiation and pulsed irradiation with the same average incident irradiance showed no statistically significant difference in the depth of necrosis at 48 h after irradiation. These results indicate that photosensitizer population-state changes are measurable in tissues and may provide a method for measuring triplet-state properties of photosensitizer in vivo, but for BPD-MA at clinically used concentrations these changes do not significantly affect the depth of photodynamically-induced tissue damage.

Keywords:

photosensitizer, BPD-MA, pulsed-laser, optical dosimetry, tumour

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