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Nocturia and associated mortality: observational data from the REDUCE trial

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases volume 22, pages 77–83 (2019)Cite this article

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Abstract

Background

Nocturia (voids arising from sleep) is a ubiquitous phenomenon reflecting many diverse conditions but whether it has significance in its own right remains uncertain. We examined whether nocturia was an independent risk factor for mortality

Methods

These were observational analyses employing primarily North American and European participants and included 7343 men, aged 50–75 years participating in the REDUCE (Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events) trial. Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the association between baseline nocturia (voiding ≥3 times per night) and all-cause mortality. Potential confounding variables included: age; race; region of origin; treatment group; self-reported coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease; smoking; alcohol use; prostate volume; and diuretics. Self-reported sleep quality, as measured with the Medical Outcomes Study sleep scale, was entered as a final step in the model.

Results

Nocturia was associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.72; 95% CI 1.15–2.55) independent from demographics and medical comorbidities. Inclusion of disturbed sleep in the model reduced the magnitude of the association (HR = 1.43; 95% CI 0.93–2.19).

Conclusions

Although the findings are limited to men, half of whom ingested dutasteride, the interruption of sleep by nocturia may have long-term impact on health and may warrant targeted intervention.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by K24 CA160653 (to SJF). GlaxoSmithKline provided the data but had no role in the conception of this work, analyses of the data, or the preparation of the manuscript

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Donald L. Bliwise

  2. Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

    Lauren E. Howard

  3. University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Daniel M. Moreira

  4. Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA

    Gerald L. Andriole

  5. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Martin L. Hopp & Stephen J. Freedland

  6. Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

    Stephen J. Freedland

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  1. Donald L. Bliwise
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Correspondence to Donald L. Bliwise.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Trial registration: The REDUCE trial was a registered clinical trial (Clinical Trials.gov number NCT00056407).

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Bliwise, D.L., Howard, L.E., Moreira, D.M. et al. Nocturia and associated mortality: observational data from the REDUCE trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 22, 77–83 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-018-0090-5

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