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Clinical Research

Systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between prenatal stress and metabolic syndrome intermediate phenotypes

International Journal of Obesity volume 44, pages 1–12 (2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

Background

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) can be considered as a consequence of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors and can be influenced by changes in the environment early in life. Prenatal stress (PS) exposure likely represents an important adverse intrauterine environment that may impact the biology of the developing organism. The aim of this study was to quantitatively synthesize the available data on the effects of PS on offspring’s obesity, estimated indirectly by body mass index (BMI) and body fat; blood pressure, plasma glucose and blood lipid concentrations (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).

Methods

Literature searches for eligible studies on PubMed were conducted until October 8, 2018. Full text review yielded 24 publications for inclusion into the systematic review. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes BMI and body fat. 62 effect sizes from 19 studies together with relevant moderators were collected. Summary estimates were calculated by using random-effects model.

Results

The combined standardized mean difference (d) for the relation between BMI and PS indicated that despite significant heterogeneity, stress exposure of expectant mothers was associated with increased BMI of their offspring [d (95% CI) = 0.268 (0.191; 0.345)]. Both objective and subjective stress have been linked to increased overweight. Preliminary results of the relationship between PS and body fat suggested that the contribution of PS to body fat should be at least further considered [d (95% CI) = 0.167 (0.016; 0.317)]. Evidence from a limited number of published studies do not sustains an effect on blood pressure, glucose metabolism or circulating lipids, however these outcomes have only been scarcely investigated.

Conclusions

A direct association between PS and BMI was found and further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between maternal stress during gestation and body fat. Overall, findings suggest that PS could contribute to alterations to the post-natal offspring phenotype.

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Acknowledgements

This study was partially supported by grants PICT-2015-1567, PICT 2016-2727 (Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica Tecnológica) and PIP 2015-2017 No. 11220150100163 (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas). ALB, AMG, and MLT are members of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas.

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Adriana L. Burgueño, Mariana L. Tellechea

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, C1107AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Adriana L. Burgueño, Yamila R. Juarez & Ana M. Genaro

  2. Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá”, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil—División de Endocrinología—Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, C1425EFD, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Mariana L. Tellechea

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Burgueño, A.L., Juarez, Y.R., Genaro, A.M. et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between prenatal stress and metabolic syndrome intermediate phenotypes. Int J Obes 44, 1–12 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-019-0423-z

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