It has been reported that Candida albicans (CA) is associated with a higher mortality and morbidity than Candida parapsilosis (CP) (Ped Infec Dis J,1992;11:88-93).The objective of this study was to assess the differences in risk factors between neonates who were diagnosed to have CA and CP septicemia. A review of hospital records of infants admitted to the NICU of Hutzel Hospital between 1/91 and 10/93 was done. There were 26 infants who were diagnosed to have culture proven disseminated fungal infection. Of these 14 had CP and 4 had CA infections. CA infected infants tended to be heavier at birth (1002.5 ± 182 g vs. 739.6 ± 222 g) and were older (34± 25 days vs. 27 ± 10 days) at the time of fungal infection. When CA and CP were compared there were no differences in maternal risk factors (prenatal care, tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, PIH, preterm labor, antenatal steroids, PROM, chorioamnionitis, and GBS, trichomonas, syphilis and monilial infections). There were also no differences in the number of days intubated and the number of antibiotic days. Total number of days on oxygen(21 ± 12 vs. 33 ± 26, p>0.05) and percutaneously inserted central catheter (PICC) (11 ± 10 vs. 7 ± 8, p>0.05) were higher in CA than in CP. The number of UVC (3 ± 4 vs. 8 ± 5, p>0.05), UAC (3 ± 4 vs. 7 ± 5, p>0.05), hyperalimentation(9 ± 12 vs. 21 ± 11, p>0.05) and intralipid days (9 ± 12 vs. 21 ± 11, p>0.05) were lower in CA than in CP. The platelet count was higher among CA (361± 225 vs. 61 ± 53, p=0.00). There were no mortalities in both groups. Findings suggest that CA infection differs from CP infection in risk factors. CA infection does not seem to be associated with prolonged intubation, hyperalimentation, intralipid, catheter use or higher mortality as compared to CP infection.