Abstract
Given the paucity of data that exist regarding microcephaly in an exclusively preterm population, we studied the occurrence of abnormalities in toddler head circumference (THC) and the relation of THC to developmental status. In those with small THC, birth head circumference (BHC) was also analyzed. HC, WT and L and developmental status (Bayley Scales of Infant Development) at 18-36 months were determined in 117 infants with BW ≤ 1750 gm. 91 (78%) had THC in the normal range. Of the remaining 26 (22%) who had THC ≤ -2 S.D., 3 were clearly microcephalic (MC) (<-3 SD); 10 were suspected MC (<-2 SD); and 13 were near MC (at -2SD). Only one child in each MC group exhibited abnormal WT and L in addition to small head size. The table demonstrates the developmental status of each THC group (excluding 5 toddlers with normal THC untestable due to blindness or behavior problems).
Review of BHC of those 26 toddlers with small THC revealed 14 (54%) who were initially microcephalic (<10%ile) and 12 (46%) who had normal BHC.
Conclusions: 1) There is a higher incidence of microcephaly or near microcephaly in toddlers who were preterm as compared to those who were born at term. 2) A higher % of delays exists in those with THC<-2SD. 3) A normal BHC does not preclude a later decline in HC%ile and the related risk for developmental problems.
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Hoffman-Williamson, M., Bernbaum, J., Daft, A. et al. 771 MICROCEPHALY IN PRETERM INFANTS: INCIDENCE AND ASSOCIATED DEVELOPMENTAL PROBLEMS. Pediatr Res 19, 239 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198504000-00801
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198504000-00801