Abstract
PS can lower surface tension (ST) to <10 dynes/cm (d/c). This is believed to be essential for normal lung function. We tested a detergent, Tween 20 (T), which cannot lower ST to less than 25 d/c, for its effect on the respiratory failure due to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in lambs (L) at 120-124 days gestation. L were delivered by cesarean section and each received one of three solutions intratracheally prior to the 1st breath: 1) 0.45% saline (saline); 2) 5% in 0.45% saline; or 3) PS in 0.45% saline. Each L was mechanically ventilated using 100% O2. Only the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) was adjusted in an attempt to maintain a normal arterial pCO2. Values given are mean ± SEM at 30 min of age. N = 5 to 7 in each group.
Gas exchange in L given T was much better than in L given saline and at a lower PIP. It approached that in L given PS. This occurred while the AW ST of L given T was the same as the AW ST of L given saline. Thus the ability of PS to lower ST to <10 d/c is less critical than previously believed.
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Jacobs, H., Berry, D., Duane, G. et al. 1420 PULMONARY SURFACTANT (PS): WHAT PROPERTIES ARE IMPORTANT?. Pediatr Res 19, 347 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198504000-01444
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198504000-01444