Transplantation of fetal mesencephalic tissue into patients suffering from Parkinson's disease has had mixed clinical results. Perhaps antioxidant therapy can increase the odds of success (pages 226–231).
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Freed, W.J. Substantia nigra grafts and Parkinson's disease: from animal experiments to human therapeutic trials. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 3, 109–134 (1991).
Brundin, P. & Lindvall, O. Transplantation in Parkinson's disease. In Basic and Clinical Aspects of Neuroscience (ed. Lindvall, O.) 5, 5–17 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1993).
Widner, H. et al. Bilateral fetal mesencephalic grafting in two patients with parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). New EnSl. J. Med. 327, 1556–1563 (1992).
Nakao, N. et al. Overexpressing Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase enhances survival of transplanted neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Nature Med. 1, 226–231 (1995).
Epstein, C.J. et al. Transgenic mice with increased CuZn-superoxide dismutase activity: An animal model of dosage effects in Down syndrome. Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 8044–8048 (1987).
Olanow, C.W. A radical hypothesis for neurodegeneration. Trends Neurosci. 16, 439–444 (1993).
Nakao, N., Frodl, E.M., Duan, W.-M., Widner, H. & Brundin, P. Lazaroids improve the survival of grafted rat embryonic dopaminergic neurons. Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91, 12408–12412 (1994).
Braughler, J.M. et al. Novel 21-amino steroids as potent inhibitors of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. J. biol. Chem. 262, 10438–10440 (1987).
Pechan, P.A., Chowdhury, K. & Seifert, W. Free radicals induce gene expression of NGF and bFGF in rat astrocyte culture. NeuroReport 3, 469–472 (1992).
Mayer, E., Fawcett, J.W. & Dunnett, S.B. Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes the survival of embryonic ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. II. Effects on nigral transplants in vivo . Neuroscience 56, 389–398 (1993).
Takayama, H. et al. Basic fibroblast growth factor increases dopaminergic graft survival and function in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Nature Med. 1, 53–58 (1995).
Mattson, M.P., Murrain, M., Guthrie, P.B. & Kater, S.B. Fibroblast growth factor and glutamate: opposing roles in the generation and degeneration of hippocampal neuroarchitecture. J. Neurosci. 9, 3728–3740 (1989).
Mattson, M.P., Keshava, K.N., Wang, H., Cheng, B. & Michaelis, E.K. Basic FGF regulates expression of functional 71 kDa NMDA receptor protein that mediates calcium influx & neurotoxicity in hippocampal neurons. J. Neurosci. 13, 4575–4588 (1993).
The Parkinson's Study Group. Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. New Engl. J. Med. 328, 176–183 (1993).
Spina, M.B., Squinto, S.P., Miller, J., Lindsay, R.M. & Hyman, C. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor protects dopamine neurons against 6-hydroxy-dopamine and N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion toxicity: involvement of the glutathione system. J. Neurochem. 59, 99–106 (1992).
Beck, K.D. et al. Pretreatment of dopaminergic neurons in culture with brain-derived neurotrophic factor attenuates toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium. Neurodegeneration 1, 27–36 (1992).
Lin, L.-F., Doherty, D., Lile, J., Bektesh, S. & Collins, F. GDNF: A glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Science 260, 1130–1132 (1993).
Tomac, A. et al. Protection and repair of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system by GDNF in vivo . Nature 373, 335–339 (1995).
Beck, K.D. et al. Mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons protected by GDNF from axotomy-induced degeneration in the adult brain. Nature 373, 339–341 (1995).
Olson, L. et al. Nerve growth factor affects 11C-nicotine binding, blood flow, EEG, and verbal episodic memory in an Alzheimer patient (case report). J. neural Trans. 4, 79–95 (1992).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fisher, L., Gage, F. Radical directions in Parkinson's disease. Nat Med 1, 201–203 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0395-201
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0395-201
This article is cited by
-
Free Radicals: Properties, Sources, Targets, and Their Implication in Various Diseases
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry (2015)