Immune responses to bacterial infection occur by host cell detection of bacterial components. Monomeric flagellin can be elicited directly by host cells and then are 'sensed' by the cytosolic protein Ipaf.
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Roy, C., Zamboni, D. Cytosolic detection of flagellin: a deadly twist. Nat Immunol 7, 549–551 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0606-549
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0606-549
