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Chemically diverse and multifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites

Nature Reviews Materials volume 2, Article number: 16099 (2017) Cite this article

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Abstract

Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) can have a diverse range of compositions including halides, azides, formates, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. These materials have several common features, including their classical ABX3 perovskite architecture and the presence of organic amine cations that occupy the A-sites. Current research in HOIPs tends to focus on metal halide HOIPs, which show promise for use in solar cells and optoelectronic devices; however, the other subclasses also exhibit a diverse range of physical properties. In this Review, we summarize the chemical variability and structural diversity of all known HOIP subclasses. We also present a comprehensive account of their intriguing physical properties, including photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties, dielectricity, magnetism, ferroelectricity, ferroelasticity and multiferroicity. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges and future opportunities in this exciting field.

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Figure 1: The evolution of perovskites.
Figure 2: Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites with double perovskite and antiperovskite structures.
Figure 3: Structural diversity of the A-site and X-site ions of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites.
Figure 4: Semiconducting, lasing and light-emitting diode properties of solar-cell hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites.
Figure 5: The physical properties of formate hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites.
Figure 6: Phase transitions and associated properties of azide hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs).
Figure 7: Phase transitions and corresponding properties of diacyanamide and cyanide hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank W.-X. Zhang and the Materials Chemistry and Physics Group in Huazhong University of Science and Technology for help with figures. W.L. is grateful to P.-X. Lu for illuminating discussions. W.L., Z.W. and S.G. acknowledge funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21571072, 21621061, 21290171) and the 973 Programs (Grant no. 2014CB921301). A.K.C. acknowledges financial support from the Ras Al Khaimah Centre for Advanced Materials. F.D. acknowledges funding from a Herchel Smith Research Fellowship and a Winton Advanced Research Fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Wei Li

  2. Laboratory for Optical Information Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China

    Wei Li

  3. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Zheming Wang & Song Gao

  4. Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK

    Felix Deschler & Richard H. Friend

  5. Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK

    Anthony K. Cheetham

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Li, W., Wang, Z., Deschler, F. et al. Chemically diverse and multifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites. Nat Rev Mater 2, 16099 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.99

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