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Anesthetic effects of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl on marine medaka (Oryzias dancena)

Lab Animal volume 40, pages 45–51 (2011)Cite this article

Abstract

Fish may be anesthetized for various experimental and practical purposes, primarily to immobilize them in order to facilitate handling. Marine medaka (Oryzias dancena) is a teleost fish used in marine ecotoxicology studies. Despite the importance of anesthesia in handling experimental fish, the effects of anesthesia in marine medaka have not yet been investigated. In this study, the authors evaluated the anesthetic effects (time required for anesthesia to take effect and recovery time) of two anesthetic agents, clove oil and lidocaine–HCl, on marine medaka. They anesthetized fish at different water temperatures (23 °C, 26 °C and 29 °C) and using different concentrations of clove oil (50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm and 175 ppm) or lidocaine–HCl (300 ppm, 400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm and 800 ppm). The time required for anesthesia to take effect decreased significantly as both anesthetic concentration and water temperature increased for both clove oil and lidocaine–HCl. To anesthetize marine medaka within approximately 1 min, the optimal concentrations for clove oil were 125 ppm at 23 °C, 100 ppm at 26 °C and 75 ppm at 29 °C and for lidocaine–HCl were 800 ppm at 23 °C and 700 ppm at both 26 °C and 29 °C. The authors also compared anesthetic effects in marine medaka of different sizes. Both anesthetic exposure time and recovery time were significantly shorter for smaller fish than for larger fish. These results provide a useful foundation for the laboratory handling of marine medaka.

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Figure 1: Effect of clove oil concentration and water temperature on the ratio of the recovery time to the anesthetic exposure time in marine medaka (Oryzias dancena).
Figure 2: Effect of lidocaine–HCl concentration and water temperature on the ratio of the recovery time to the anesthetic exposure time in marine medaka (Oryzias dancena).
Figure 3: Effects of clove oil (100 ppm) and lidocaine–HCl (700 ppm) at 26 °C on anesthetic exposure time and recovery time in large versus small marine medaka (Oryzias dancena).

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a research fund (Project No. #20088033-1) from the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, Korea. We declare that all experiments in this study comply with the current laws of Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Marine Environment and Bioscience, College of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan, Korea

    In-Seok Park & Hyun Woo Gil

  2. Department of Biology Science, College of Natural Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea

    Sung Jun Park

  3. Institute of Marine Living Modified Organisms, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea

    Yoon Kwon Nam &  Dong Soo Kim

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Correspondence to In-Seok Park.

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Park, IS., Park, S., Gil, H. et al. Anesthetic effects of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl on marine medaka (Oryzias dancena). Lab Anim 40, 45–51 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/laban0211-45

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