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Intensity of delivery room resuscitation and neonatal outcomes in infants born at 33 to 36 weeks’ gestation

Abstract

Objective:

Examine the relationship between delivery room resuscitation intensity and mortality, morbidities and resource use in late preterm infants.

Study Design:

Retrospective cohort study of inborn infants born at 33 to 36 weeks’ gestation and admitted to Canadian neonatal intensive care units during 2010 to 2013. The 13 619 infants were grouped according to delivery room resuscitation intensity: no or minimal resuscitation (64.5%); continuous positive airway pressure (10.2%); bag-mask ventilation (21.7%); endotracheal intubation (3.1%); and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (0.6%).

Results:

Overall mortality, early mortality, respiratory distress, pneumothorax, late-onset sepsis and resource use increased with higher intensity resuscitation. Compared with no or minimal resuscitation, intubation and CPR were associated with increased odds of mortality (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 50 (20 to 125) and 180 (63 to 518), respectively).

Conclusions:

Intubation or higher intensity delivery room resuscitation is associated with increased mortality, morbidities and resource use in late preterm infants. Extra intensive care is required for such infants, especially during the first week of life.

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Acknowledgements

We like to thank the staff of the Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN) Coordinating Centre for their hard work and Dr Ruth Warre for providing editorial support during preparation of the manuscript. Although no funding was received specifically for this study, the CNN received organizational support from the CNN Coordinating Centre, which is based at the Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre (MiCare) at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. MiCare is supported by funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Prakesh Shah is supported by an Applied Research Chair in Maternal Reproductive and Health Services Research from Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Yanyu Lyu is supported by a Beijing Outstanding Talents Overseas Training Project grant (2012A003034000017).

Site Investigators for the Canadian Neonatal Network

Prakesh S Shah (Director, Canadian Neonatal Network; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON); Shoo K Lee (Chair, Canadian Neonatal Network; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON); Carlos Fajardo (Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB); Andrzej Kajetanowicz (Cape Breton Regional Hospital, Sydney, NS); Anne Synnes and Joseph Ting (Children’s and Women’s Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC); Brigitte Lemyre (Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON); Bruno Piedboeuf and Christine Drolet (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, Sainte Foy, QC); Valerie Bertelle and Edith Masse (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Fleurimont, QC); Hala Makary (Dr. Everett Chalmers Regional Hospital, Fredericton, NB); Wendy Yee (Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB); Sandesh Shivananda (Hamilton Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, ON); Kyong-Soon Lee (Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON); Molly Seshia (Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB); Keith Barrington (Hospital Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC); Jehier Afifi (IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS); Akhil Deshpandey (Janeway Children’s Health and Rehabilitation Centre, St Johns, NL); Ermelinda Pelausa (Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC); Kimberly Dow (Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON); Orlando da Silva (London Health Sciences Centre; London, ON); Martine Claveau and Daniel Faucher (McGill University Health Centre); Prakesh S Shah (Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON); Zarin Kalapesi (Regina General Hospital, Regina, SK); Khalid Aziz (Royal Alexandra Hospital/Stollery Children’s Hospital, Edmonton, AB); Zenon Cieslak (Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, BC); Koravangattu Sankaran and Sibasis Daspal (Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, SK); Ruben Alvaro (St Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, MB); Cecil Ojah and Luis Monterrosa (Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, NB); Michael Dunn (Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON); Todd Sorokan (Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC); Roderick Canning (The Moncton Hospital, Moncton, NB); Adele Harrison (Victoria General Hospital, Victoria, BC); and Chuks Nwaesei /Mohammed Adie (Windsor Regional Hospital, Windsor, ON).

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Correspondence to S K Lee.

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Jiang, S., Lyu, Y., Ye, X. et al. Intensity of delivery room resuscitation and neonatal outcomes in infants born at 33 to 36 weeks’ gestation. J Perinatol 36, 100–105 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2015.156

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